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Medical Terminology > Ch 11 - Eyes and Ears > Flashcards

Ch 11 - Eyes and Ears Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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2
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

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3
Q

choroid/o

A

choroid

a thin, highly vascular layer of the eye between the retina and sclera

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4
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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5
Q

cor/o
core/o
pupill/o

A

pupil

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6
Q

dacry/o

A

tear, lacrymal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

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7
Q

lacrim/o

A

tear, lacrymal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

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8
Q

dipl/o

A

double

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9
Q

irid/o

A

iris

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10
Q

kerat/o

A

horny tissue; hard; cornea

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11
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

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12
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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13
Q

opt/o

A

eye, vision

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14
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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15
Q

scler/o

A

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

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16
Q
  • opia

- opsia

A

vision

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17
Q

-ptosis

A

prolapse, downward displacement

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18
Q

-tropia

A

turning

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19
Q

ambly

A

dull, dim

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20
Q

my/opia

A

nearsightedness

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21
Q

hyper/opia

A

farsightedness

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22
Q

acous/o
audi/o
audit/o

A

hearing

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23
Q

myring/o

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

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24
Q

tympan/o

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

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25
Q

ot/o

A

ear

26
Q

salping/o

A

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

27
Q

-acusis

A

hearing

28
Q

achromatopsia

A

congenital deficiency in color perception; also called color blindness

29
Q

astigmatism

A

defective curvature of the cornea and lens, which causes light rays to focus unevenly over the retina rather than being focused on a single point, resulting in a distorted image

30
Q

cataract

A

degenerative disease in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively cloudy, causing decreased vision

31
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by bacteria, allergy, irritation, or a foreign body; also called pinkeye

32
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

retinal damage marked by aneurysmal dilation and bleeding of blood vessels or the formation of new blood vessels, causing visual changes

33
Q

glaucoma

A

condition in which aqueous humor fails to drain properly and accumulates in the anterior chamber of the eye, causing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP)

34
Q

hordeolum

A

small, purulent inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid; also called a sty

35
Q

macular degeneration

A

breakdown of the tissues in the macula, resulting in loss of central vision

36
Q

photophobia

A

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light

37
Q

retinal detatchment

A

separation of the retina from the choroid, which disrupts vision and results in blindness if not repaired

38
Q

strabismus

A

muscular eye disorder in which the eyes turn from the normal position so that they deviate in different directions

esotropia: cross-eye, convergent strabismus
exotropia: wall-eye, divergent strabismus

39
Q

acoustic neuroma

A

benign tumor that develops from the eighth cranial (vestibulocochlear) nerve and grows within the auditory canal

40
Q

hearing loss

A

decreased ability to perceive sounds compared to what the individual or examiner would regard as normal

anacusis: total deafness
conductive: hearing loss due to an impairment in the transmission of sound because of an obstruction of the ear canal or damage to the eardrum or ossicles.

41
Q

Meniere disease

A

rare disorder of unknown etiology within the labyrinth of the inner ear that can lead to a progressive loss of hearing

42
Q

otitis media (OM)

A

inflammation of the middle ear, which is commonly the result of an upper respiratory infection (URI)

    • serous: noninfectious inflammation of the middle ear with accumulation of serum (clear fluid)
    • suppurative: inflammation of the middle ear with pus formation
43
Q

otosclerosis

A

progressive deafness due to ossification in the bony labyrinth of the inner ear

44
Q

presbycusis

A

impairment of hearing that results from the aging process

45
Q

presby-

A

old age

46
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing or tinkling noise heard constantly or intermittently in one or both ears, even in a quiet environment

47
Q

vertigo

A

sensation of moving around in space or a feeling of spinning or dizziness

48
Q

tonometry

A

procedure used to detect glaucoma that measures intraocular pressure by determining the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force

49
Q

visual acuity test

A

standard eye examination to determine the smallest letters a person can read on a Snellen chart, or E chart, at a distance of 20 feet

50
Q

audiometry

A

test that measures hearing acuity at various sound frequencies

51
Q

otoscopy

A

visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope

pneumatic: otoscopic procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure

52
Q

Rinne test

A

hearing acuity test performed with a vibrating tuning fork that is first placed on the mastoid process and then in front of the external auditory canal to test bone and air conduction

53
Q

cataract surgery

A

extraction of a lens affected by a cataract. the central part of the lens is removed and replaced with an artificial introcular lens (IOL) implant

54
Q

extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE)

A

excision of the anterior segment of the lens capsule along with the lens, allowing for the insertion of an intraocular lens implant

55
Q

phacoemulsification

A

excision of the lens by ultrasonic vibrations that break the lens into tiny particles, which are suctioned out of the eye; also called small incision cataract surgery

56
Q

corneal transplant

A

surgical transplantation of a donor cornea (from a cadaver) into the eye of a recipient; also called keratoplasty

57
Q

iridectomy

A

excision of a portion of he iris used to relieve intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma

58
Q

cochlear implant

A

electronic transmitter surgically implanted into the cochlea of a deaf person to restore hearing

59
Q

myringoplasty

A

surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft; also called tympanoplasty

performed to correct hearing loss

60
Q

myringotomy

A

incision of the eardrum to relieve pressure and release pus or serous fluid from the middle ear or to insert PE tubes (tympanostomy tubes) in the eardrum via surgery

61
Q

cholesteatoma

A

tumorlike sac filled with keratin debris most commonly found in the middle ear

62
Q

labyrinth

A

system of intercommunicating canals, especially of the inner ear

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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