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Human Physiology > Ch. 8 Neurons > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Neurons Flashcards

1
Q

Glial cells of PNS

A

Schwann cells

Satellite cells

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2
Q

Schwann cells

A

Form myelin

PNS

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3
Q

Satellite cells

A

Non-myelinated cells, cluster around cell body

PNS

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4
Q

Glial cells of CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cells

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5
Q

Microglia

A

Immune cells
Keep out infection
CNS

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6
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Form myelin

CNS

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7
Q

Astrocytes

A

Branched cells, communicate via gap junctions

CNS

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8
Q

Ependymal cells

A

Create epithelial barriers
Source of stem cells
CNS

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9
Q

Structural Classes of Neurons

A

Psuedounipolar
Bipolar
Anaxonic
Multipolar

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10
Q

Psuedounipolar

A

Dendrites fused with axon

Structural class

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11
Q

Axon Hillock

A

Region where the axon originates from

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12
Q

Bipolar Neuron

A

2 fibers extending from 1 cell body

Structural class

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13
Q

Anaxonic

A

No apparent axon

Structural Class

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14
Q

Multipolar Neuron

A

Branched but no long extensions

Structural Class

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15
Q

Functional Classes

A

Sensory Neurons
Interneurons
Efferent Neurons

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16
Q

Sensory Neurons

A

Collect info from the body
-Afferent
Functional class

17
Q

Interneuron

A

Sensory reflexes

Functional class

18
Q

Efferent neurons

A

Communicate from CNS to body tissues

Functional class

19
Q

Graded Potential

A

small stimulus that may only travel a short distance but may become an action potential

20
Q

Subthreshold and suprathreshold action potential

A
  1. Fades and dies

2. Causes action potential

21
Q

Depolarization

A

Cell becomes more positive

22
Q

Hyperpolarization

A

Cell becomes less than -70mV

23
Q

Start of action potential

A

-55mV

24
Q

Non-myelinated axons

A

Signal travels as a wave

25
Q

Myelinated axons

A

Signal jumps b/w nodes of Ranvier

26
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Depolarizes membrane

Easier to reach threshold (nerves respond to lesser stimuli)

27
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Hyperpolarizes membrane

Harder to reach threshold

28
Q

Chemical Synapses

A

Connected via adhesion junctions
Neurotransmitters
Can stimulate or inhibit post synaptic cell
-CA entry into cell triggers exocytosis of synaptic vesicle content

Human Physiology (14 decks)

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