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Human Development > Ch 7: Middle Childhood (6-12) > Flashcards

Ch 7: Middle Childhood (6-12) Flashcards

1
Q

Females reach adolescent growth spurt around age __

A

11

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2
Q

Males hit adolescent growth spurt around age

A

14

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3
Q

Physical development and growth patterns for middle childhood

A

growth slows, less stocky/more slender, individual differences in hight/weight are noticeable, males tend to be taller and heavier

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4
Q

Children in middle childhood need about ___ calories a day for proper growth

A

2,000

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5
Q

T/F: Proper nutrition is more then just number of calories

A

T

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6
Q

Childhood obesity problem stem from…

A

poor eating habits, increased portion size, technology has been a factor in less physical activity, not playing out side in unsafe neighborhoods

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7
Q

Implications of obesity in childhood

A

children with poor eating habits are at risk for developing diabetes, increased cholesterol, and high blood pressure; damage to social/emotional well being (negative attitudes of peers, lower self-esteem, being teased, avoidance of physical activity)

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8
Q

T/F: Children as young as 5 may begin to worry about body image and being fat

A

T

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9
Q

T/F: Children as young as 8 have reported symptoms of eating disorders

A

T

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10
Q

Cognitive development in middle childhood

A
  • expanded working memory
  • increase in cognitive function from formal schooling
  • prefrontal cortex continuing to develop
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11
Q

Prefrontal cortex is responsible for

A

attention. working memory, behavioral monitoring and self-regulation, reasoning, information processing, goal-setting, and inhibition

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12
Q

Skills developing in middle childhood

A
  • conservation of matter
  • classification and sub-classification
  • computational skils
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13
Q

Child is able to carry out actions through behavior, but also through thought….

A

cause and effect; generalizing

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14
Q

define metamemory

A

child becomes aware of memory and learns how to assess their own memory function

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15
Q

define metacognition

A

child becomes aware of their own thinking and works on monitoring their own behavior and attention

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16
Q

T/F: Neurophysiological development is highly affected by the social environment

A

T

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17
Q

Threats to healthy development

A
  • SES
  • limited access to medical care
  • single parent households
  • victim of a crime
  • low educational parent
  • teen parents
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18
Q

What effect does chronic stress have on the development of the prefrontal cortex?

A

Interrupts functioning; anxiety and stress hormones

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19
Q

Social development in middle childhood

A
  • increased language development
  • exposure to peers and teachers
  • deeper social relationships
  • peer pressure
  • child becomes less egocentric
  • differing levels of self-esteem, social anxiety and self-acceptance
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20
Q

T/F: parents opinions are influential, but peers’ opinions are more important

A

T

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21
Q

T/F: children become very self-aware and self-conscious about appearance, abilities, and behavior in relation to others

A

T

22
Q

T/F: children have a strong desire to be included and to belong

A

T

23
Q

define social self-concept

A

beliefs about one’s own self-desirability, self-efficacy and social competence

24
Q

T/F: Children with strong leadership qualities achieve social dominance

A

T

25
Q

T/F: popularity is linked to higher intelligence, increased athleticism and physical attractiveness

A

T

26
Q

T/F: bullying is a way to achieve social influence

A

T

27
Q

T/F: bullying most often occurs within racial groups

A

T

28
Q

Females bully using…Males bully using…

A

gossip and rumors; physical aggression

29
Q

Friendships in childhood foster…

A
  • self-efficacy
  • social development
  • social awareness
  • working with others
30
Q

Males tend to prefer ____ friendship circles

A

larger, loosely organized

31
Q

Females tend to prefer _____ friendships

A

fewer, more exclusive

32
Q

T/F: Having a cycle of best friends leads to more positive adjustment

A

T

33
Q

Peer rejection and neglect can result in

A

short-term and long-term behavioral and emotional problems

34
Q

Effects of social anxiety include

A
  • strong link between friendship quality and risk of social anxiety
  • implications stronger for females
  • negative friendships
  • lack of positive friendships
35
Q

T/F: children develop an internal working model of experiences with parents during middle childhood

A

T

36
Q

T/F: children view themselves as a product of how they have been cared for or neglected by caregivers

A

T

37
Q

T/F: children with supportive caregivers have higher expectations for peer relationships and greater opportunities to learn social skills

A

T

38
Q

define gender identity

A

an individual’s knowledge of his or her membership into a gender category or identification of oneself as male or female

39
Q

define gender typicality

A

a self-perceived sense of similarity to members of one’s own gender group

40
Q

define gender contentment

A

satisfaction with his or her own gender

41
Q

T/F: during middle childhood, children develop their own set of beliefs that help actively justify their behavior

A

T

42
Q

T/F: peers and parents play a role in moral development

A

T

43
Q

In middle childhood, children are moving from Kohlberg’s _____ stage to _______ stage of development.

A

preconventional; conventional

44
Q

preconventional stage of development…

A

morel reasoning is controlled by rewards and punishment

45
Q

conventional stage of development

A

child begins to abide by certain standards, but the standards are set by others

46
Q

___ in ____ children has a diagnosable mental illness

A

1/5

47
Q

___ in ___ children have a serious emotional disturbance that negatively affects functioning

A

1/10

48
Q

__% of children and adolescents who need mental health services never receive treatment

A

70%

49
Q

4 types of parenting styles

A

Authoritarian–strict
Authoritative–supports, realistic
Permissive–passive/whatever attitude
Neglectful–unengaged

50
Q

In response to the youth mental health crisis, counselors need to be competent in reference to the identification of several factors to guide service delivery, which include:

A
  • culturally specific and sensitive interventions
  • contextually based practices that are geared toward individual needs
  • practices that are family driven and community centered
  • strengths focused and resilience focused interventions
  • practices that are coordinated across various mental health and related systems
51
Q

In a school setting what therapy is most advantageous?

A

Solution-Focused Brief Counseling

Human Development (9 decks)

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