Ch 7: Middle Childhood (6-12)

Question 1

Females reach adolescent growth spurt around age __

Answer 1

11

Question 2

Males hit adolescent growth spurt around age

Answer 2

14

Question 3

Physical development and growth patterns for middle childhood

Answer 3

growth slows, less stocky/more slender, individual differences in hight/weight are noticeable, males tend to be taller and heavier

Question 4

Children in middle childhood need about ___ calories a day for proper growth

Answer 4

2,000

Question 5

T/F: Proper nutrition is more then just number of calories

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Childhood obesity problem stem from…

Answer 6

poor eating habits, increased portion size, technology has been a factor in less physical activity, not playing out side in unsafe neighborhoods

Question 7

Implications of obesity in childhood

Answer 7

children with poor eating habits are at risk for developing diabetes, increased cholesterol, and high blood pressure; damage to social/emotional well being (negative attitudes of peers, lower self-esteem, being teased, avoidance of physical activity)

Question 8

T/F: Children as young as 5 may begin to worry about body image and being fat

Answer 8

T

Question 9

T/F: Children as young as 8 have reported symptoms of eating disorders

Answer 9

T

Question 10

Cognitive development in middle childhood

Answer 10

• expanded working memory
• increase in cognitive function from formal schooling
• prefrontal cortex continuing to develop

Question 11

Prefrontal cortex is responsible for

Answer 11

attention. working memory, behavioral monitoring and self-regulation, reasoning, information processing, goal-setting, and inhibition

Question 12

Skills developing in middle childhood

Answer 12

• conservation of matter
• classification and sub-classification
• computational skils

Question 13

Child is able to carry out actions through behavior, but also through thought….

Answer 13

cause and effect; generalizing

Question 14

define metamemory

Answer 14

child becomes aware of memory and learns how to assess their own memory function

Question 15

define metacognition

Answer 15

child becomes aware of their own thinking and works on monitoring their own behavior and attention

Question 16

T/F: Neurophysiological development is highly affected by the social environment

Answer 16

T

Question 17

Threats to healthy development

Answer 17

• SES
• limited access to medical care
• single parent households
• victim of a crime
• low educational parent
• teen parents

Question 18

What effect does chronic stress have on the development of the prefrontal cortex?

Answer 18

Interrupts functioning; anxiety and stress hormones

Question 19

Social development in middle childhood

Answer 19

• increased language development
• exposure to peers and teachers
• deeper social relationships
• peer pressure
• child becomes less egocentric
• differing levels of self-esteem, social anxiety and self-acceptance

Question 20

T/F: parents opinions are influential, but peers’ opinions are more important

Answer 20

T

Question 21

T/F: children become very self-aware and self-conscious about appearance, abilities, and behavior in relation to others

Answer 21

T

Question 22

T/F: children have a strong desire to be included and to belong

Answer 22

T

Question 23

define social self-concept

Answer 23

beliefs about one’s own self-desirability, self-efficacy and social competence

Question 24

T/F: Children with strong leadership qualities achieve social dominance

Answer 24

T

Question 25

T/F: popularity is linked to higher intelligence, increased athleticism and physical attractiveness

Answer 25

T

Question 26

T/F: bullying is a way to achieve social influence

Answer 26

T

Question 27

T/F: bullying most often occurs within racial groups

Answer 27

T

Question 28

Females bully using...Males bully using...

Answer 28

gossip and rumors; physical aggression

Question 29

Friendships in childhood foster...

Answer 29

- self-efficacy - social development - social awareness - working with others

Question 30

Males tend to prefer ____ friendship circles

Answer 30

larger, loosely organized

Question 31

Females tend to prefer _____ friendships

Answer 31

fewer, more exclusive

Question 32

T/F: Having a cycle of best friends leads to more positive adjustment

Answer 32

T

Question 33

Peer rejection and neglect can result in

Answer 33

short-term and long-term behavioral and emotional problems

Question 34

Effects of social anxiety include

Answer 34

- strong link between friendship quality and risk of social anxiety - implications stronger for females - negative friendships - lack of positive friendships

Question 35

T/F: children develop an internal working model of experiences with parents during middle childhood

Answer 35

T

Question 36

T/F: children view themselves as a product of how they have been cared for or neglected by caregivers

Answer 36

T

Question 37

T/F: children with supportive caregivers have higher expectations for peer relationships and greater opportunities to learn social skills

Answer 37

T

Question 38

define gender identity

Answer 38

an individual's knowledge of his or her membership into a gender category or identification of oneself as male or female

Question 39

define gender typicality

Answer 39

a self-perceived sense of similarity to members of one's own gender group

Question 40

define gender contentment

Answer 40

satisfaction with his or her own gender

Question 41

T/F: during middle childhood, children develop their own set of beliefs that help actively justify their behavior

Answer 41

T

Question 42

T/F: peers and parents play a role in moral development

Answer 42

T

Question 43

In middle childhood, children are moving from Kohlberg's _____ stage to _______ stage of development.

Answer 43

preconventional; conventional

Question 44

preconventional stage of development...

Answer 44

morel reasoning is controlled by rewards and punishment

Question 45

conventional stage of development

Answer 45

child begins to abide by certain standards, but the standards are set by others

Question 46

___ in ____ children has a diagnosable mental illness

Answer 46

1/5

Question 47

___ in ___ children have a serious emotional disturbance that negatively affects functioning

Answer 47

1/10

Question 48

__% of children and adolescents who need mental health services never receive treatment

Answer 48

70%

Question 49

4 types of parenting styles

Answer 49

Authoritarian--strict Authoritative--supports, realistic Permissive--passive/whatever attitude Neglectful--unengaged

Question 50

In response to the youth mental health crisis, counselors need to be competent in reference to the identification of several factors to guide service delivery, which include:

Answer 50

- culturally specific and sensitive interventions - contextually based practices that are geared toward individual needs - practices that are family driven and community centered - strengths focused and resilience focused interventions - practices that are coordinated across various mental health and related systems

Question 51

In a school setting what therapy is most advantageous?

Answer 51

Solution-Focused Brief Counseling