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Human Development > Ch 5: Toddlerhood (Ages 1-3) > Flashcards

Ch 5: Toddlerhood (Ages 1-3) Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: temper tantrums are often caused by frustration over trying to communicate with others

A

T

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2
Q

a pattern of behavior that impairs a child’s emotional development or sense of self-worth.

A

emotional abuse/psychological abuse

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3
Q

T/F: children who are abused can suffer a multitude of behavioral and emotional struggles

A

T

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4
Q

define parallel play

A

in the presence of, rather than in interaction with

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5
Q

Developing self-concept feelings of ____ for good behavior and ____or____ for bad behavior

A

pride; embarrassment or distress

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6
Q

The process of teaching children the values and typical behaviors of society

A

discipline

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7
Q

4 parts to physical development

A

sensory and perceptual development
gross motor development
fine motor development
language development

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8
Q

Failure of a parent, guardian, or other caregiver to provide for a child’s basic needs: physical, medical, educational and emotional

A

Neglect

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9
Q

this type of abuse usually appears with other types of abuse and is the hardest to prove

A

emotional abuse/psychological abuse

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10
Q

What are signs of atypical stranger anxiety?

A

??

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11
Q

Typical/Atypical: stranger anxiety

A

typical

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12
Q

T/F: 74% of infants and toddlers have watched TV

A

T

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13
Q

Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA)

A

Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation; or an act or failure to act that presents an imminent risk of serious harm

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14
Q

___ year-olds are so active they need close supervision to prevent accidents

A

2-3 year olds

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15
Q

T/F: Play is critical to the healthy development of a child

A

T

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16
Q

Fine motor development at age 1-1.5

A

pick up small objects, stack blocks

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17
Q

Social learning theory in regards to gender identity in children

A

gender identity is influenced by parents

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18
Q

T/F: during cognitive development toddlers become aware of cause and effect

A

T

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19
Q

T/F: Separation anxiety (to a certain degree) is typical until ages 3 or 4

A

T

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20
Q

Child maltreatment often begins during ___ as they begin to assert independence

A

toddlerhood

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21
Q

Features of separation anxiety

A

severe destress, worry, fear leading to impairment of functioning, frequently with somatic symptoms

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22
Q

Risks to healthy toddler development

A

child maltreatment developmental delays learning disabilities

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23
Q

T/F: Personality begins to show during toddlerhood

A

T

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24
Q

Language development at age 1-1.5

A

understands words, expressive language lags, leads to frustration, caregiver patience a must

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25
Q

Cognitive development at age 2

A

children become aware of themselves as individuals (offer choices rather then saying no can minimize tantrums)

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26
Q

Four types of child maltreatment

A

Physical abuse
Neglect
Sexual abuse
Emotional abuse/psychological abuse

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27
Q

Gender identity typically develops between ___and___ months of age

A

18 and 30 months

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28
Q

Language development at age 3

A

50-250 word vocab; “why”, “me do it”, continued patience

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29
Q

Social and emotional development at age 3

A

begin to development friendships with other children, engage in parallel play with other children

30
Q

T/F: parents need to talk openly and calmly about body parts, basic bodily functions, and allowing toddlers to explore their bodies

A

T

31
Q

cross-sex typed gender schema theory

A

individuals may integrate information that is aligned with the opposite gender

32
Q

failure to provide necessary medical or mental health treatment

A

Medical neglect

33
Q

Fine motor development at age 3

A

right/left preference, large-piece puzzles, big blocks, musical toys, sand boxes with scoops, cups, trucks

34
Q

non accidental physical injury inflicted by a parent, caregiver, or other person who is responsible for the child; minor bruises to severe fractures to death as a result of punch, beating, kicking, ect.

A

Physical abuse

35
Q

Language development at age 2

A

50 word vocab; 1-3 word sentences

36
Q

Examples of sensory and perceptual development

A

-roll rather than walk down a step embankment -walk slowly with open cup of water

37
Q

The best prevention of child abuse is

A

supervision

38
Q

failure to provide necessary food or shelter, or appropriate supervision

A

Physical neglect

39
Q

Gross motor development at age 1-1.5

A

strength, balance, and coordination to walk

40
Q

T/F: counselors are not legally mandated to report any reasonable suspicion of child abuse

A

F

41
Q

Cognitive development at age 18 months

A

children respond to directions, begin to use objects as tools, and can solve simple problems

42
Q

Fine motor development at age 2

A

mold play-dough, pegs into holes, turn rotating handles

43
Q

At around ___ months of age, children begin to use their sense to change the way they interact with the environment.

A

18 months

44
Q

T/F: many states recognize abandonment and parental substance abuse as forms of neglect

A

T

45
Q

Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)

A

federal law requiring services for children with disabilities

46
Q

T/F: During toddlerhood physical development tends to slow

A

T

47
Q

Activities such as fondling a child’s genitals, penetration, incest, rape, sodomy, indecent exposure, and exploitation through prostitution or the production of pornographic materials by a parent or caregiver

A

sexual abuse

48
Q

4 types of neglect

A

physical medical educational emotional

49
Q

difference between positive discipline and negative discipline/punishment?

A

+ educate, no judgement - telling no, not educating, shaming, physical or emotional punishment

50
Q

Gender schema theory

A

individuals are gendered by society and sex-linked characteristics are maintained by culture

51
Q

Cognitive development at age 3

A

children begin to develop memories

52
Q

AAP– no TV before age __

A

2

53
Q

_____ is the most common mental health issue for toddlers

A

Anxiety

54
Q

undifferentiated gender schema theory

A

individuals do not show processing of any sex type

55
Q

Social development problems can be caused by

A

autism, speech problems, temperament, non-supportive caregiver

56
Q

Gross motor development at age 3

A

running, jumping, climbing age-appropriate playground equipment

57
Q

Gender identity

A

a personal sense of an individuals own gender

58
Q

An internal conflict where the individual desires to be the opposite sex. the cross-gender identification is powerful and persistent

A

Gender identity disorder/gender dysphoria

59
Q

4 types of gender schema theory

A

sex-typed cross-sex typed androgynous undifferentiated

60
Q

Toddlers need ___ hours of sleep a day

A

12-14

61
Q

Gross motor development at age 2

A

able to climb well, walk up and down stairs with support, kick a ball, run short distances

62
Q

androgynous gender schema theory

A

individuals integrate information from both genders

63
Q

T/F: children who’s parents have panic disorders are at high risk to develop separation anxiety

A

T

64
Q

T/F: physical development slow, language development flourishes

A

T

65
Q

failure to educate a child or attend to special educational needs

A

educational neglect

66
Q

T/F: educational media before age 2 has some benefit

A

F

67
Q

sex-typed gender schema theory

A

individuals integrate information in accordance with their own gender

68
Q

Social and emotional development at age 1

A

imitative play, most often imitating the caregiver

69
Q

__% of childhood is spent sleeping

A

40%

70
Q

Absence of attention to a child’s emotional needs, failure to provide psychological care, or permitting the child to use alcohol or other drugs

A

emotional neglect

Human Development (9 decks)

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