Ch 7: Ionic and Metallic Bonding

Question 1

How do you find the number of valence electrons in an atom of a representative element?

Answer 1

Look at its group number.

Question 2

What type of atoms tend to lose their valence electrons, leaving a complete octet in the next-lowest energy level?

Answer 2

Metals

Question 3

What type of atoms tend to gain electrons or to share electrons with another ________ to achieve a complete octet?

Answer 3

Nonmetals

Question 4

What is produced when an atom loses a valence electron?

Answer 4

Cation

Question 5

What is a cation?

Answer 5

A positively charged ion.

Question 6

What is a multivalent cation?

Answer 6

An ion with more than one possible charge.

Question 7

What is produced when a neutral atom gains negatively charged ions?

Answer 7

Anion

Question 8

Although they are composed of ions, what are electrically neutral?

Answer 8

Ionic compounds

Question 9

What are composed of two elements in the form of ions?

Answer 9

Binary ionic compounds

Question 10

What are the three steps to name a binary ionic compound?

Answer 10

1. Name the cation.
2. Use roman numerals if the cation is multivalent.
3. Name the anion, but change the suffix to -ide.

Question 11

How do you find the formula of a binary compound?

Answer 11

Balance the charges. The total charge of a compound is equal to zero.

Question 12

What are groups of atoms that act as one ion?

Answer 12

Polyatomic ions

Question 13

Most ionic compounds are crystalline ______ at room temperature (what phase of matter?)

Answer 13

solids

Question 14

OH -

Answer 14

Hydroxide

Question 15

NO3 -

Answer 15

Nitrate

Question 16

SO4 2-

Answer 16

Sulfate

Question 17

CO3 2-

Answer 17

Carbonate

Question 18

PO4 3-

Answer 18

Phosphate

Question 19

NH4 +

Answer 19

Ammonium

Question 20

Properties of ionic compounds: (explanation) except Hydrogen, metal atoms are packed tightly because attractive forces are strong.

Answer 20

Shiny solids

Question 21

Properties of ionic compounds: (explanation) ions aren’t locked in place by electron attractions, allowing some flexibility. Electrons are mobile.

Answer 21

Malleable and ductile

Question 22

Properties of ionic compounds: (explanation) easily absorbs and reflects light and heat as electron gets excited and returns to ground state.

Answer 22

High melting points

Question 23

Properties of ionic compounds: high m/v.

Answer 23

High density

Question 24

When melted or dissolved in water, ionic compounds can…

Answer 24

Conduct an electric current

Question 25

Properties of ionic compounds: good _________ of heat.

Answer 25

conductor

Question 26

Properties of ionic compounds: low __________ energy.

Answer 26

ionization

Question 27

The valence electrons of metal atoms can be modeled as a…

Answer 27

sea of electrons

Question 28

What are the loosely held valence electrons flowing throughout metallic crystal structure?

Answer 28

Metallic bond

Question 29

There is an attractive force between the negative electron and metallic cation. This attraction is a…

Answer 29

metallic bond

Question 30

Metals are arranged in very _______ and _______ patterns.

Answer 30

compact,

orderly

Question 31

Why are alloys important?

Answer 31

Their properties are often superior to those of their component elements.