Ch 19: Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 1

Acids taste ____, will change the color of an acid-base indicator ___, and can be strong or weak electrolytes in aqueous solution.

Answer 1

sour

red

Question 2

Tomatoes, citrus, and vinegar are examples of…

Answer 2

acids.

Question 3

What is an acid containing oxygen?

Answer 3

Oxyacid

Question 4

When acids neutralize bases, what is formed?

Answer 4

Water

Question 5

Acids start with…

Answer 5

H.

Question 6

Bases taste ______, will change the color of an acid-base indicator ____, and can be strong or weak in aqueous solution.

Answer 6

bitter

blue

Question 7

Tums, baking soda, and window cleaner are examples of…

Answer 7

bases.

Question 8

Bases end with…

Answer 8

OH

Question 9

What is the Arrhenius definition of an acid?

Answer 9

Produces H+ ions in water.

Question 10

What is an acid with one proton?

Answer 10

Monoprotic acids

Question 11

What is an acid with two protons?

Answer 11

Diprotic acids

Question 12

What is an acid with three protons?

Answer 12

Triprotic acids

Question 13

What is the Arrhenius definition of a base?

Answer 13

Produces OH- ions in water.

Question 14

Which theory defines an acid as a hydrogen-ion donor?

Answer 14

Brønsted-Lowry

Question 15

What is the word for a substance that can be an acid or a base depending on the circumstances?

Answer 15

Amphoteric

Question 16

Who proposed that an acid accepts a pair of electrons during a reaction, while a base donates a pair of electrons?

Answer 16

Lewis

Question 17

For aqueous solutions, the product of the hydrogen-ion concentration and the hydroxide-ion concentrations equals…

Answer 17

1.0 X 10^-14

Question 18

A solution in which [H+] is _______ than 1 X 10-7 M has a pH less than 7.0 and is acidic.

Answer 18

greater

Question 19

The pH of pure water or a neutral aqueous solution is…

Answer 19

7.0

Question 20

A solution with a pH greater than 7 is basic and has a [H+] of ____ than 1 X 10-7.

Answer 20

less

Question 21

What is [H+] X [OH-] = 1.0 X 10-14?

Answer 21

Ion-product constant for water (Kw)

Question 22

What is -log[H+] ?

Answer 22

pH

Question 23

What is -log[OH-]?

Answer 23

pOH

Question 24

An _________ is a valuable tool for measuring pH because its acid form and base form have different colors in solution.

Answer 24

indicator

Question 25

What has complete dissociation (100%)?

Answer 25

Strong acids

Question 26

What has partial dissociation and is not as strong as a proton donor?

Answer 26

Weak acids

Question 27

The majority of acids are what type of acids?

Answer 27

Weak acids

Question 28

To find the __ of a weak acid or the __ of a weak base, substitute the measured concentrations of all the substances present at equilibrium into the expression for __ or __.

Answer 28

Ka Kb Ka Kb

Question 29

What is [H+] [A-] / [HA]?

Answer 29

Ka

Question 30

In general, the reaction of an acid with a base produces _____ and one of a class of compounds called _____.

Answer 30

water | salts

Question 31

The point of neutralization is the ___ _____ of the titration.

Answer 31

end point

Question 32

In general, salts that produce acidic solutions contain _________ ions that _______ protons to water.

Answer 32

positive | release

Question 33

Salts that produce basic solutions contain ________ ions that _______ protons from water.

Answer 33

negative | attract

Question 34

A ______ is a solution of weak acid and one of its salts, or a solution of a weak base and one of its salts.

Answer 34

buffer