Ch 25: Nuclear Chemistry Flashcards
An ________ _______ releases energy by emitting radiation during the process of radioactive decay.
unstable nucleus
The three main types of radiation are _____ radiation, ____ radiation, and _____ radiation.”
alpha
beta
gamma
What is the alpha particle’s effect on the nucleus?
2 less protons.
Whose emission properties are easily shielded but damaging if inhaled or ingested?
Alpha particle
What is the beta particle’s effect on the nucleus?
1 more proton than before.
Whose emission properties are small, almost no mass; extremely damaging and penetrating?
Beta particle
What is the gamma particle’s effect on the nucleus?
Reduces nucleus’ energy.
Whose emission properties are extremely penetrating; some risk of damage but don’t have a charge (not as ionized)?
Gamma particle
The neutron-to-proton ratio determines the ____ of decay that occurs.”
type
What is the positron’s effect on the nucleus?
1 fewer proton
Whose emission properties are extremely damaging and penetrating (like that of a beta particle)?
Positron
After each half-life, ____ of the existing radioactive atoms have _______ into atoms of a ___ element.”
half
decayed
new
Fast decay = _____ half-life
short
_____________ can occur by radioactive decay. _____________ can also occur when particles bombard the nucleus of an atom.
Transmutation
Transmutation
In a chain reaction, some of the neutrons produced react with other fissionable atoms, producing ____ neutrons to react with still ____ fissionable atoms.
more
more
