Ch. 7: Asepsis and Infection Control

Question 1

Microorganisms

Answer 1

tiny microscopic entities capable of carrying on living processes

Question 2

Nonpathogenic

Answer 2

harmless, does not produce disease

Question 3

Pathogenic

Answer 3

causes specific diseases or infections

Question 4

Infection control and prevention

Answer 4

minimizing spread of health care, nosocomial infections or community-acquired infections to patients or staff

Question 5

Asepsis types

Answer 5

medical and surgical asepsis

Question 6

Infection

Answer 6

chain of events for infection to develop

Question 7

Infectious agent

Answer 7

pathogen

Question 8

Reservoir

Answer 8

where pathogen grows

Question 9

Portal of exit

Answer 9

exit route from reservoir

Question 10

Mode of transportation

Answer 10

method or vehicle of transportation

Question 11

Portal of entry

Answer 11

entrance through skin, mucous lining, or mouth

Question 12

Host

Answer 12

person or animal susceptible to the pathogen

Question 13

Infectious agents

Answer 13

bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa

Question 14

Body’s normal defenses

Answer 14

skin, mouth, respiratory tract, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, vagina

Question 15

With each patient care activity

Answer 15

the nurse should ensure that infection prevention and control are routine

Question 16

Infectious process

Answer 16

progressive stages, localized, systemic

Question 17

Progressive stages

Answer 17

incubation, prodromal, acute

Question 18

Localized

Answer 18

superficial wound infection

Question 19

Systemic

Answer 19

infection affects the entire body instead of single organ or part

Question 20

Inflammatory response

Answer 20

body’s response to injury or infection

Question 21

Protective vascular reaction delivering fluid, blood, and nutrients to

Answer 21

interstitial tissues in injured area

Question 22

Neutralizes and eliminates pathogens or necrotic tissues and establishes a means of

Answer 22

repairing body cells and tissues

Question 23

Nonsocomial infections

Answer 23

infection acquired while in the hospital or other health care agency, develops at least 48 hours after hospitalization, hospital setting harbors some virulent organisms, making it easier to acquire an infection

Question 24

Infection control nurse

Answer 24

specialty profession in infection control and prevention

Question 25

Occupational health services

Answer 25

important in prevention or control of infection in health care by taking measures to protect health care workers and patients from certain infections

Question 26

Federal law requires making what vaccine available to all employees?

Answer 26

Hepatitis B

Question 27

CDC

Answer 27

provides guidelines to interrupt the chain of infection and transmission of bloodborne pathogens and other potentially infectious materials

Question 28

Hand hygiene

Answer 28

single most important and basic preventive technique used to interrupt the infectious process

Question 29

How often should you wash your hands?

Answer 29

Before and after patient care

Question 30

Standard precautions

Answer 30

first and second tiers

Question 31

First tier

Answer 31

CDC’s isolation guidelines

Question 32

Second tier

Answer 32

Disease-specific isolation

Question 33

Transmission categories

Answer 33

airborne, droplet, and contact precautions

Question 34

Isolation considerations

Answer 34

psychosocial/emotional deprivation

Question 35

Surgical asepsis

Answer 35

complete removal of all microorganisms, including spores, surgical hand scrub, sterile technique, opening sterile packaging, sterile field, pouring sterile solutions, donning sterile gloves and gown

Question 36

Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization

Answer 36

aseptic and bacteriostatic, removing foreign materials, destroy microorganisms, method of killing all microorganisms

Question 37

What are the two types of sterilization?

Answer 37

Physical and chemical

Question 38

Patient teaching for infection prevention and control

Answer 38

teach infection control and practices at home, awareness of how infection is spread and ways to prevent transmission, educate about techniques used to control spread of infection

Question 39

Infection prevention and control for home and hospice

Answer 39

basic principles of hygiene, educate about hand hygiene, food preparation, tube feedings, linens, waste containers, body fluid spills