Ch. 7 Appendicular Skeleton

Question 1

Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 1

Limbs and how they attach

Question 2

Composed of

Answer 2

Pectoral Girdle: (Clavicle, Scapula)
Bones of the Upper limbs
Pelvic girdle: (Coxal bones, ilium, ischiu, pubis)
Bones of the lower limbs

Question 3

Major functions

Answer 3

Allows for movement and ability to interact with and manipulate our environment

*need muscular and skeletal system

Question 4

Scaphoid

Answer 4

Is the most commonly broken carpal
Scaphoid= navicular

Carpal tunnel syndrome
Psiform is not visible on posterior only on Palm. Opposite from thumb

Question 5

Bones of the Pectoral Girdle

Answer 5

The pectoral (shoulder) Girdle
The Clavicle Bone (L&R only on artcltd mdl)
- Sternal End
- Acromial End
- Acromioclavicular joint
(shoulder separation)

The Scapula Bone (R&L must know all)

             - Acromion (points lateral)
             - Coracoid process
             - Glenoid cavity (attchs to humerus)
             - Spine
             - Superior border
             - Medial border 
             - Lateral border

Question 6

Upper limb

Arm: Humerus

Must know R&L

Answer 6

• Head points medial)
  - Greater Tubercle
  - Lesser Tubercle
  - Intertubercular sulcus
  - Anatomical neck
  - Surgical neck
  - Capitulum
  - Trochlea
  - Coronoid fossa
  - Olecranon fossa
  - Medial Epicondyle
  - Lateral Epicondyle

Question 7

Upper Limb
Forearm Bones
Ulna+ Radius

Answer 7

Ulna. (Forms a “U”)

  - Olecranon process (elbow)
  - Trochlear notch
  - Coronoid process
  - Radial Notch
  - Ulnar styloid process

Radius (You rock dude)

  - Head
  - Radial tuberocity
  - Ulnar notch
  - Radial styloid process

Question 8

Upper Limb
Hand Bones of the Wrist, Palm, Fingers
Short bones

Answer 8

Phalanges (fingers or digits)
- Proximal, Middle, Lateral on 2-5
- Thumb Pollux of phalanx (prox & dist)
- Finger Phallax (single)
Ex: 4th proximal phalanx of the left hand
Right distal phalanx IV

Metacarpals (bones of the Palm)

 - Distal ends at "knuckles"
 - Thumb I - Lateral pinky V

Carpals (wrist)

 - 2 irregular rows of 4
 - Scaphoid most broken bone
 - carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 9

Bones of Pelvic Girdle

Answer 9

The pelvic (hip) girdle

Paired hip bones attached to each other with the sacrum

Attachment to the vertebral column at the sacroiliac joint

Attachment to the lower limb at the acetabulum

Question 10

The Bony Pelvis

Answer 10

Deep basin like structure formed by the hip bones together with the sacrum and coccyx

Question 11

Coxal (Hip) Bones

Answer 11

Fused Ilium, Ischium, Pubic bone (pubis)

Ilium

- iliac crest
- Anterior superior iliac crest
- Posterior superior iliac spine
- Greater Sciatic notch

Ischium

- ischial spine 
- ischial tuberosity

Pubic bone (pubis)

• Obturator foramen
• Inferior pubic ramus
• Superior pubic ramus
• Pubic arch
• Pubic Symphyses

Acetabulum

Question 12

The Lower Limb
Thigh
Femur & Patella

Answer 12

Thigh 
   - Femur 
      Head
      Neck
      Fovea Capitis
      Greater trochanters 
      Lesser trochanters
      Femur Lateral epicondyle 
      Femur Medial epicondyle
      Femur Later condyle      
      Femur Middle condyle
      Intercondylar fossa
      Patellar surface

• Patella

Question 13

The lower limb
Leg
Fibula & Tibia

Answer 13

Fibula
Head
Lateral malleolus

Tibia
     Medial condyles 
     Lateral condyles 
     Tibial tuberosity 
     Anterior border (shin)
     Medial malleolus

Question 14

The Lower limb

Foot

Answer 14

Tarsals  (ankle)
      Talus
      Calcaneus
      Cuboid
      Navicular 
      Medial cuneiform bone
      Intermediate cuneiform bone
      Lateral cuneiform bone

Metatarsals (1-5)

Phalanges
- #2-5: Proximal, Middle, Distal
Hallux (big toe) has only proximal and distal
Ex: 3rd distal phalanx of the right foot

Question 15

Arches

Answer 15

Medial longitudinal arch
Transverse arch
Lateral longitudinal arch