Ch 7 Flashcards
HHV 1
Herpes simplex virus 1
Best adapted to above the waist locations (saliva/perioral)
Younger = acute herpetic gingivostomatitis
18+ = pharyngotonsillitis
HHV 2
Herpes simplex virus 2
Best adapted to below the waist locations (sexual)
Latency; trigeminal ganglion
HHV 3
Varicella Zoster virus (VZV)
Primary; chickenpox
Reocurrance; Herpes zoster (shingles)
Latency; dorsal spinal ganglia
HHV 4
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Infectious mononucleosis (kissing disease)(intimate contact)
HHV 5
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Resides: salivary gland cells, endothelium, macro and lymphocytes.
common in AIDS patients.
Histology: owl eye cell
HHV 8
Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV)
What are less common presentations of HHV 1
Herpetic whitlow
Herpes gladiatorum/scrumpox
Herpes barbae
What is the leading infectious cause of blindness in the US
HHV 1
What is the primary Tx for HSV
Acyclovir
Penciclovir
Hutchinson sign
HHV 3
If the tip of the nose is involved, it is a sign ocular infection might occur and referral to ophthalmologist is mandatory.
What is Ramsay Hunt syndrome
HHV 3
o Cutaneous lesions of the external auditory canal
o Involvement of ipsilateral face and auditory nerves
o Facial paralysis
o Hearing deficits
o Vertigo
How is HHV 4 diagnosed
Presence of Paul-Bunell heterophil antibodies
Enteroviruses are classified into what 3 categories
Echoviruses
Coxsackieviruses
Poliovirus
What are three infections caused by the Coxsackieviruses
Herpangina
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
What is the major path of transmission for enteroviruses
Fecal-oral route
Acute phase; saliva/resp droplets
What is herpangina
skin rash
oral lesions; 2-6, 3 mm (soft palate, tonsillar pillars)
What is hand-foot-and-mouth disease
Skin rash; erythematous macules with central vesicles.
Oral lesions;
What type of virus is Rubeola/Measles caused by
Paramyxovirus
What does nine-day measles mean
Rubeola; 3 stages with 3 days
What is the first stage of rubeola/measles
3c + fever Coryza Cough Conjunctivitis KOPLIK'S SPOTS; mucosal erythema with numerous small blue-white macules.
What is the second stage of rubeola/measles
o Fever continues
o Koplik’s spots fade
o Maculopapular & erythematous (morbilliform) rash begins
• Face first
• Downward spread from trunk extremities
• Blanches on pressure
What is the third stage of rubeola/measles
Fever ends
rash fades in downward progression
replaced by brown pigmentary staining
What virus is rubella/german measles caused by
togavirus
What is rubella’s greatest importance
Congenital rubella syndrome; capacity to induce birth defects
Rubella/german measles is know as the ___ day measles
3 day
what is the most common complaint of rubella
arthritis
What oral lesion is associated with rubella
Forchheimer’s sign; 20%, small discrete dark papules on palate.
What is rubellas triad
Deafness 80%
Heart disease
Cataracts
What is another name for Mumps
epidemic parotitis
What is Mumps best know site of involvement
salivary glands (discomfort and swelling)
What kind of disease is Mumps
disease of exocrine glands (edema and lymphocytic infiltration)
What are the three most common routes of transmission fro AIDS
Sexual contact
Parenteral exposure to blood
Mother to fetus
What cell is targeted in AIDS
CD4+ helper T lymphocyte
What are the most common oral manifestations associated with AIDS
Candidiasis Hairy leukoplakia (EBV) Kaposis's sarcoma Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Periodontal disease
What is the Rx for AIDS/HIV pts
Clotrimazole
fluconazole
What is Kaposi’s sarcoma
Multifocal neoplasm of vascular endothelial cell origin
What sites are most commonly affected by KS
Hard palate
Gingiva
Tongue
BIOPSY IS REQUIRED
