Ch 7

Question 1

Give the functions and associated bone for External acoustic meatus

Answer 1

The tympanic part of the temporal bone holds a a bony canal for the ear canal, a tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear

detects sound waves and directs them towards the tympanic membrane

Question 2

Give the functions and associated bone for Foramen magnum

Answer 2

a large, oval-shaped opening in the occipital bone of the skull

a passage of the central nervous system through the skull connecting the brain with the spinal cord

Question 3

Give the functions and associated bone for Occipital condyles

Answer 3

paired kidney-shaped structures that form the base of the occipital bone and are the structural bases for the articulation of the skull with the cervical spine

a hinge joint allowing flexion and extension of the head

Question 4

Give the functions and associated bone for Sella turcica

Answer 4

a saddle-shaped depression in the body of the sphenoid bone of the human skull

holds and protects your pituitary gland (which controls how hormones work in your body)

Question 5

Give the functions and associated bone for Cribriform plate

Answer 5

a portion of the ethmoid bone located at the base of the skull

allow for the passage of the olfactory nerves to the roof of the nasal cavity

Question 6

Give the functions and associated bone for Crista galli

Answer 6

the upper part of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull

an anterior attachment point for one of the covering layers of the brain

Question 7

Name the only movable joint in the skull and identify the two bones that form the joint

Answer 7

temporomandibular joint (TMJ), or jaw joint

mandible and temporal bone

Question 8

List the 4 paranasal sinuses and state the function

Answer 8

frontal (the lower forehead)
maxillary (cheekbones)
ethmoid (beside the upper nose)
sphenoid (behind the nose)
functions: Mucosa-lined, air-filled spaces  / Lighten skull  / Enhance resonance of voice / Warm and humidify air

Question 9

State how the hyoid bone differs from all other bones. State the function

Answer 9

the hyoid bone(in the throat) is the only bone in humans that does not articulate with any other bone, but only has muscular, ligamentous, and cartilaginous attachments

carrying the weight of the tongue and playing a vital role in speech and swallowing

Question 10

Define fontanel and describe its function

Answer 10

a space between the bones of the skull in an infant or fetus, where ossification is not complete and the sutures not fully formed. The main one is between the frontal and parietal bones.

allow for growth of the brain and skull during an infant’s first year

Question 11

describe the spinal curvature disorder Scoliosis

Answer 11

a sideways curvature of the spine. Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine that most often is diagnosed in adolescents

Question 12

describe the spinal curvature disorder Kyphosis

Answer 12

an abnormally rounded upper back (more than 50 degrees of curvature) (hunchback)

Question 13

describe the spinal curvature disorder Lordosis

Answer 13

Also called swayback, the spine of a person with lordosis curves significantly inward at the lower back

Question 14

State the function of the pectoral girdle. Name the bones

Answer 14

providing structural support to your shoulder region on the left and right side of your body

The shoulder, or pectoral, girdle is composed of the clavicles (collarbones) and the scapulae (shoulder blades)

Question 15

State the function of the pelvic girdle. Name the bones.

Answer 15

support the weight of the upper body when sitting and to transfer this weight to the lower limbs when standing

The pelvic girdle, also known as the os coxae, Latin for “bone of the hip,” consists of the fused bones identified individually as the ilium, ischium, and pubis