Ch 65: Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases

Question 1

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)

Answer 1

chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the axial skeleton, including the sacroiliac joints, intervertebral disc spaces, and costovertebral articulations

Question 2

Arthritis

Answer 2

inflammation of a joint; most prevelant types are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout

Question 3

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)

Answer 3

disorder characterized by debilitating fatigue and a variety of associated complaints

Question 4

CREST

Answer 4

Calcinosis : pain deposits of calium in the skin
Raynaud’s phenomenon: abnormal blood flow in response to cold or stress
Esophageal dysfuction: difficulty with swallowing caused by internal scarring
Sclerodactyly: tightening of the skin on the fingers and the toes
Telangiecstasia: red spots on hands, forearms, palms, face, and lips

Question 5

Dermatomyositis (DM)

Answer 5

disease of the connective tissues characterized by pruritic or eczematous inflammation of the skin and tenderness of the muscles

Question 6

Fibromyalgia

Answer 6

chronic disorder characterized by widespread, nonarticular musculoskeletal pain and fatigue with multiple tender point

Question 7

Gout

Answer 7

recurrent attacks of acute arthritis associated with increased levels of serum uric acid

Question 8

Lyme disease

Answer 8

spirochetial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted byt the bite of an infected deer tick; characterized by fever, chills, headache, stiff neck, and migratory joint and muscle pain

Question 9

Myofascial pain syndrom

Answer 9

chronic form of muscle pain characterized by musculoskeletal pain and ternderness, typically in the chest, neck, shoulders, hips, and lower back

Question 10

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Answer 10

slowly progressive, noninflammatory disorder of the diarthrodial (synovial) joints

Question 11

Polymyostitis

Answer 11

diffuse, idiopathic, inlammatory myopathies of striated muscle, producing bilateral weakness usually most severe in the proximal or limb-girdle muscles, some forms of polymyostitis are associated with malignancy

Question 12

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA)

Answer 12

progressive inflammatory disease that affects about 10% of the 3 million people with psoriasis

Question 13

Raynaud’s phenomenon

Answer 13

episodic vasospastic disorder of small cutaneous arteries, most frequently involving the fingers and toes

Question 14

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Answer 14

chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of connective tissue in the diarthrodial (synovial) joints, typically with periods of remission and exacerbation

Question 15

Septic arthritis

Answer 15

infectious or bacterial arthritis caused by invasion of the joint cavity with microorganisms; bacterial inflammation of a joint may be caused by the spread of bacteria through the bloodstream from an infection elsewhere in the body or by contamination of a joint during trauma or surgery

Question 16

Scleroderma

Answer 16

disorder of connective tissue characterized by fibrotic, degenerative, and occasionally inflammatory changes in the skin, blood vessels, synovium, skeletal muscle, and internal organs

Question 17

Sjögren’s syndrome

Answer 17

autoimmune disease that targets moisture-producing glands, leading to the common symptoms of xerstomia (dry mouth) and keratoconjunctivitis (dry eyes)

Question 18

Spondyloarthropathies

Answer 18

group of interrelated multisystem inflammatory disorders that affect the spine, peripheral joints, and periarticular structures

Question 19

Systemic lupus erthematosus (SLE)

Answer 19

chronic multisystem inflammatory disorder associated with abnormalities of the immune system