Ch 62: Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Ankylosis

Answer 1

Stiffness or fixation of a joint usually resulting from destruction of articular cartilage and subchondral bone

Question 2

Arthrocentesis

Answer 2

incision or puncture of joint capsule to obtain samples of synthetic materials that froms a “bridge” between the arterial and venous blood supplies

Question 3

Arthroscopy

Answer 3

insertion of an arthroscope into a joint for visualization or surgery

Question 4

Atrophy

Answer 4

wasting of muscle, characterized by decreased circumference and flabby appearance leading to decreased function and tone

Question 5

Contracture

Answer 5

an abnormal, usually permanent condition of a joint, characterized by flexion and fixation

Question 6

Crepitation

Answer 6

crackling sound or grating sensation as a result of friction between bones

Question 7

Isometric contractions

Answer 7

muscular contraction that increases tension but does not produce movement

Question 8

Isotonic contractions

Answer 8

muscular contraction with shortening that produces movement

Question 9

Kyphosis

Answer 9

anterior-posterior or forward bending of spine with convexity of curve in posterior direction

Question 10

Lordosis

Answer 10

lumbar spinal deformity resulting in anterior-posterior curvature with concavity in posterior direction

Question 11

Osteons

Answer 11

cylindrical-shaped structural units that fit closely together in compact bone, creating a dense bone structure

Question 12

Scoliosis

Answer 12

a lateral S-shaped curvature of the thoracic and lumbar spine