Ch 61: Peripheral Nerve and Spinal Cord Problems Flashcards
Anterior cord syndrome
caused by damage to the anterior spinal artery
causes compromised blood flow to anterior spinal cord
Autonomic dysreflexia
massive uncompensated cardiovascular reaction mediated by the sympathetic nervous system
Bell’s palsy
acute benign crancial polyneuritis
characterized by inflammation of the facial nerve (CN VII) on one side of the face in the absence of any other disease such as stroke
Botulism
rare but serious type of food poisoning that destroys or inhibits neurotransmission of acetylcholine at the myoneural junction
results in disturbed muscle innervation
Brown-Sequard syndrome
results from damage to one half of the spinal cord
typically from penetrating injury to spinal cord
Central cord syndrome
caused by damage to the central spinal cord
occurs most commonly in the cervical cord region
Guillain-Barre syndrome
acute, rapidly progressing, and potentially fatal form of polyneuritis
Neurogenic bladder
any type of bladder dysfunction related to abnormal or absent bladder innervation
Neurogenic bowel
loss of voluntary bowel function
Neurogenic shock
due to loss of vasomotor tone caused by injury and is characterized by hypotension and bradycardia
Neurosyphilis
caused by the bacteria that causes syphilis
10-20 years after first infected with syphilis
Paraplegia
paralysis and loss of sensation in the legs
Posterior cord syndrome
results from compression or damage to the posterior spinal artery
very rare
Spinal shock
decreased reflexes, loss of sensation, and flaccid paralysis below the level of injury
Tetanus
Lockjaw
Severe infection of the nervous system affecting spinal and cranial nerves
