Ch. 6 Clinical assessments and sonographic procedures

Question 1

What is a major goal for sonographers?

Answer 1

To master the sonographic techiques necessary to produce high quality diagnostic sonograms with minimal discomfort.

Question 2

What position is it when the patient is on their back with head and shoulders slightly elevated?

Answer 2

Supine position

Question 3

What position is it when the patient is on their side?

Answer 3

Lateral decubitus position

Question 4

What position is it when the patient is on thier abdomen, arms flexed at either side or elevated alongside the head to widen the intercostal spaces?

Answer 4

Prone postition

Question 5

What position is it when the patient sits on the edge of the scanning table, right arm elevated above the head, left arm and hand providing support?

Answer 5

Upright/ Erect position

Question 6

What position is it when the patients head is elevated 25 degrees, knees slightly flexed and used in advanced pregnancy to avoid vena caval hypotension?

Answer 6

Modified fowler position

Question 7

What position is it when the patient’s pelvis is higher than their head? (used when fetal parts obscure the LUS)

Answer 7

Trendelenburg position

Question 8

What is sagittal plane?

Answer 8

longitudinal

Question 9

What is Transverse plane?

Answer 9

horizontal

Question 10

What is coronal plane?

Answer 10

Vertical
-divides into anterior and posterior

Question 11

What is oblique scanning planes?

Answer 11

Any plane not parallel to sagittal, transverse, or coronal

Question 12

What are some routine duties of a sonographer?

Answer 12

-review pertinent diagnostic or lab reports
-confirm patient preparation has been carried out
-brief patient history
-record and archive examination images
-prepare sonographer’s technical report

Question 13

What are some laboratory related duties of a sonographer?

Answer 13

-Transducer preparation and care
-cleaning ultrasound equipment and preparing area for next patient
- maintaining supplies
-cleaning the room after each patient

Question 14

True or False:
Sonographers should check the electronic patient record for any pertinent diagnostic, imaging, or laboratory test results that are available.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or false:
sonographers don’t have to check accrediting organizations and professional societies to ensure that protocols are current.

Answer 15

False
Periodically check

Question 16

Scanning plane and patient positions used, normal or abnormal echogenicity of the organs studied, measurements and locations, presence of shadowing or acoustic enhancement, presence and location of masses, are all things that should be included in what kind of report?

Answer 16

Technical report

Question 17

Who is responsible for updating the current procedural terminology (CPT)?

Answer 17

American medical association

Question 18

True or False:
You, as the sonographer, are responsible for keeping the procedural and diagnostic coding current in your department.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What areas are included in testing quality assurance?

Answer 19

-Instrument sensitivity evaluation
-image uniformity
-axial and lateral resolution
-vertical/ horizontal measurement accuracy

Question 20

True or false:
Not all transducers need to be tested for quality assurance.

Answer 20

False
All transducers are required to be tested.

Question 21

What supplies should you have in your exam room?

Answer 21

-Linens
-Gels
-Bedpan, urinal, emesis basin
-Tissue
-Wipes
-IV stand
-sterile trays
-Disinfectant solutions

Question 22

What type of sonography looks at the abdominal cavity for fluid, abscesses, or lymph adenopathy?

Answer 22

Abdominal and retroperitoneal sonography

Question 23

True or False:
Abdominal sonography should be done after diagnostic imaging tests that require contrast material.

Answer 23

False
should be done before.

Question 24

What is it called when the transducer and the needle are not connected?

Answer 24

“Freehand” technique

Question 25

What is the freehand technique used for?

Answer 25

To drain ascites, pleural fluid, and in superficial lesions.

Question 26

What kind of sonography is used to determine the absence or presence of stenosis, aneurysm, and thrombosis?

Answer 26

Vascular sonography

Question 27

What type of imaging is used to determine hemodynamic status of the vascular system and to detect the presence of pathology?

Answer 27

Vascular sonography

Question 28

What type of sonography is used to evaluate pregnancy and the female reproductive organs?

Answer 28

Obstetric and gynecologic sonography.

Question 29

Where should a Transabdominal probe be placed?

Answer 29

The anterior abdominal wall or perineum

Question 30

What is the frequency of a transabdominal probe?

Answer 30

3.5MHz or higher

Question 31

Where should the transvaginal probe be placed?

Answer 31

closer to the area of interest, or intracavitary

Question 32

What is the frequency of a transvaginal probe?

Answer 32

5.0 MHz or higher

Question 33

When is a transrectal/transperineal sonography done?

Answer 33

when the patient is young and a virgin or postmenopausal with a stenotic introitus.

Question 34

What is used for color, power and spectral imaging to evaluate the vascular characteristics of ovarian and uterine masses?

Answer 34

Doppler

Question 35

True or False:
Color doppler can be used to idenify and differentiate vascular structures from nonvascular entities.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What is considered a interventional procedure?

Answer 36

Biopsy or aspiration, paracentesis

Question 37

What is TTE? Is it noninvasive or invasive?

Answer 37

Transthoracic echocardiography; noninvasive

Question 38

What is TTE used for?

Answer 38

to evaluate cardiac structure and function

Question 39

What is TEE? Is it invasive or noninvasive?

Answer 39

Transesophagel echocardiography; invasive

Question 40

What is TEE used for?

Answer 40

Places a specialized transducer within the esophagus.

Question 41

2D, 3D imaging, M-mode tracings, doppler flow studies and tissue doppler imaging techniques are all part of what sonographic modality?

Answer 41

Echocardiography

Question 42

True or False:
Echocardiography uses injected contrast agents.

Answer 42

True