ch 5 textbook

Question 1

dynamic system theory how do little ahhh kids develop motor skills

Answer 1

infants must perceive something that motivates them to act and then use perceptions to fine tune their movements

Question 2

what do motor skills represent

Answer 2

pathways to an infants goals

Question 3

new behavior is a result of

Answer 3

nervous system developing, physically developing, possibilities for movement developing, environmental support for skill

Question 4

process of adaption for babies n shit learning to walk

Answer 4

1. motivated by new challenge
2. ballparks the movement to start
   3.tunes the movement

Question 5

four key aspects that reflect the dynamic systems theory of motor development

Answer 5

: (1) embodied, (2) embedded, (3) enculturated, and (4) enabling.

Question 6

embodied

Answer 6

opportunities for motor behavior involved current status

Question 7

embedded

Answer 7

environment can facilitate/restrict possibilities for motor behavior

Question 8

enculterated

Answer 8

Social and cultural contexts influence motor behavior
example babies will usually walk to their moms

Question 9

enabling

Answer 9

Motor development is not isolated from other aspects of development, and it contributes to infants’ and children’s development in other domains

Question 10

rooting reflex

Answer 10

the infant turns its head toward the side that was touched in an apparent effort to find something to suck

Question 11

sucking reflex

Answer 11

when newborns suck an object placed in their mouth.

Question 12

moro reflex

Answer 12

which occurs in response to a sudden, intense noise or movement

Question 13

grasping reflex

Answer 13

which occurs when something touches the infant’s palms The infant responds by grasping tightly.

Question 14

y the end of the third month, the grasping reflex

Answer 14

diminishes, and the infant shows a more voluntary grasp

Question 15

gross motor skills

Answer 15

skills that involve large-muscle activities such as moving one’s arms and walking.

Question 16

posture

Answer 16

dynamic process that is linked with sensory information in the skin, joints, and muscles, which tell us where we are in space

Question 17

how to learn motor controll

Answer 17

locomotion
posture control
practice and learning

Question 18

whats the strongest link to reaching motor skills

Answer 18

size at birth, bigger is better

Question 19

motor accomplishments of first year

Answer 19

bring independence, allow infant to explore

Question 20

practices that restrain movement

Answer 20

produce substantial delays in motor development

Question 21

at 3 years

Answer 21

hopping, jumping, running

Question 22

4 years

Answer 22

hopping and jumping but more adventurous
they like jungle gyms

Question 23

5 years of age

Answer 23

run and race, super adventurous

Question 24

some elementary school kids can master

Answer 24

biking, swimming, skating

Question 25

positive about sports for kids

Answer 25

exercise, opportunities to learn how to compete, enhanced self-esteem, persistence, and a setting for developing peer relations and friendships better for girls

Question 26

negative about sports

Answer 26

pressure to achieve and win, physical injuries, a distraction from academic work, and unrealistic expectations for success as an athlete

Question 27

what limits mobility in older adults

Answer 27

obesity social activities

Question 28

lead causes of death in 65+ year olds

Answer 28

falls bc complications like pneumonia

Question 29

fine motor skills

Answer 29

small fine motor skills

Question 30

when do infants refine how they grasp

Answer 30

first 2 years of life

Question 31

palmer grasp

Answer 31

whole hand grasp

Question 32

pincer grasp

Answer 32

thumb and finger

Question 33

what increased both preterm and full-term infants’ reaching for and touching objects

Answer 33

short-term training involving practice of reaching movements

Question 34

3 years motor skill picking up

Answer 34

can pick up object bn thumb and forefinger

Question 35

sensation

Answer 35

pure info from stimuli

Question 36

perception

Answer 36

knowing what the stimuli is from past info

Question 37

ecological view of

Answer 37

we directly perceive information that exists in the world around us. Perception brings us into contact with the environment in order to interact with and adapt to it

Question 38

affordances

Answer 38

opportunities for interaction offered by objects that fit within our capabilities to perform activities

Question 39

visual acuity at birth

Answer 39

20/240`

Question 40

visual acuity at 6 months

Answer 40

20/30

Question 41

habituation

Answer 41

decreased responsivness to a stim after repeated presentation of stim

Question 42

dishabitulation

Answer 42

recovery of a habituated response after change in stim

Question 43

by what age do babies discriminate colors

Answer 43

8 but as early as 4

Question 44

percetual consistancy

Answer 44

stimulation is changing but perception of the physical world remains constant.

Question 45

size consistency

Answer 45

bject remains the same even though the retinal image of the object changes as you move toward or away from the object

Question 46

shape constancy

Answer 46

object remains the same shape even though its orientation to us changes.

Question 47

what age do babies get shape constancy

Answer 47

3 months

Question 48

after two babies start to view occluded objects as

Answer 48

whole

Question 49

How does perceptual completion develop

Answer 49

learning, experience, and self-directed exploration via eye movements play key roles in the development of perceptual completion in young infants.

Question 50

signs of vision problems in kids

Answer 50

rubbing eyes, blinking a lot, squinting a lot

Question 51

accommodation of the eye

Answer 51

ability to focus an dmaintain an image on the retina

Question 52

when does accommodation of the eye decline

Answer 52

bn 40-59 presbyopia

Question 53

color vision decline due to

Answer 53

yellowing of the lens of the eye

Question 54

depth perception declines in

Answer 54

late adulthood

Question 55

cataracts

Answer 55

thickening of the lens of the eyes cloudy vision

Question 56

glaucoma

Answer 56

damages to optic nerve bc pressure of building of fluid

Question 57

macular degen

Answer 57

deterioration of macula of rentia cant see whats directly in front of them

Question 58

babies born with what kinda hearing

Answer 58

can only hear loud stuff

Question 59

when do babies reach adult level hearing

Answer 59

5-10 years

Question 60

when dose hearing decline

Answer 60

40

Question 61

when dose hearing become an impairment

Answer 61

like 70 plus years

Question 62

intermodal perception

Answer 62

integrating information from two or more sensory modalities