ch 5: introduction to carbohydrates

Question 1

monosaccharides

Answer 1

simple sugars that are monomers of carbohydrates and linear

Question 2

why are sugars fundamental?

Answer 2

provide chemical energy in cells and furnish molecular building blocks required for the synthesis of larger, complex compounds

Question 3

if carbonyl groups are at the end of a molecule, what does it form?

Answer 3

aldehyde sugar

Question 4

if carbonyl groups are within the carbon chain, what does it form?

Answer 4

ketone sugar (ketose)

Question 5

disaccharides

Answer 5

two sugars that link together

Question 6

how do monosaccharides polymerize?

Answer 6

when a condensation reaction occurs between two hydroxyl groups, which creates a glycosidic linkage

Question 7

linear polysaccharides

Answer 7

b-1,4 glycosidic bonds

Question 8

branched polysaccharides

Answer 8

a 1,4 and a 1,6 glycosidic bonds

Question 9

oligosaccharides

Answer 9

3-20 monosaccharides

Question 10

polysaccharides

Answer 10

hundreds or thousands of monosaccharides

Question 11

function of carbs

Answer 11

store energy, provide structure, cell identity markers

Question 12

glycogen and starch

Answer 12

branched polysaccharides

Question 13

cell walls and exoskeletons

Answer 13

unbranched polysaccharides

Question 14

glycoproteins

Answer 14

protein and sugar