Ch. 5 Energy, ATP, and enzymes

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

-the capacity to do work

Question 2

Work

Answer 2

the movement of an object against a force

Question 3

The Conservation of Energy

Answer 3

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can only change forms

Question 4

Two basic forms of energy

Answer 4

Kinetic: energy of motion, energy in use
Potential: Stored energy

Question 5

Entropy

Answer 5

Chaos, randomness, disorder

• when energy is lost into a less useful state
  ex: heat produced by a car engine

Question 6

ATP stands for?

Answer 6

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 7

ADP

Answer 7

Adenosine diphosphate

Question 8

Enzymes

Answer 8

Organic catalyst
-speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy
-Affect chemical reactions but are not changed by reactions
Regulate all cell metabolism

Question 9

Enzymes physical Characteristics

Answer 9

• Proteins
• Shape Specific
• Environmentally specific
  
  • pH
  • Temperature
• Reusable

Question 10

An Enzyme has a _______ that perfectly fits ________.

Answer 10

Active site, Substrate

Question 11

-ase

Answer 11

normally suffix for enzymes. The prefix typically comes from the chemical the enzyme helps to break down.
ex. Enzyme- Sucrase
Substrate- Sucrose

Question 12

Enzyme Control:

Answer 12

Enzymes can be turned on or off by changing the shape of the enzyme.

• Inhibition- turn enzyme off
• Activation- activate enzyme

Question 13

Inhibition

Answer 13

turn enzyme off

-changes the form of the enzyme to make the active site not fit its substrate

Question 14

Activation

Answer 14

activate enzyme

-makes the active site fit its substrate