Ch 5 Flashcards
- Which term describes combinations of drugs with other ingredients that allow for easier ingestion,
dosage control, and application to various body parts?
Solutions
Suspensions
Preparations
Emulsions
Preparations
Preparations are combinations of drugs with other ingredients. They allow for easier ingestion, dosage control, and also determine drugs’ routes of administration.
Liquid preparations are useful because they allow rapid absorption of the drug.
- Which statement describes classifications of medication forms?
Solutions; suspensions; emulsions; preparations
Liquids; semi-liquids; semisolids; solids
Mixtures; combinations; assortments; varieties Capsules; tablets; time released; gel caps
Liquids; semi-liquids; semisolids; solids
The four forms or classifications of medication are liquids, semi-liquids, emulsions, and preparations.
- Which term describes drugs that are able to dissolve in liquids?
Mixable
Dissolvable
Soluble
Liquefied
Liquefied
Liquefied drugs are able to be dissolved in liquids.
- Which term describes the key ingredient in a drug that produces the therapeutic effect?
Active ingredient
Inert ingredient
Therapeutic ingredient
Chemical ingredient
Active ingredient
An active ingredient in a drug produces a therapeutic effect.
- Which preparation must be shaken prior to administration?
Suspension
Solution
Spirit
Syrup
Suspension
A suspension must be shaken before administering.
Emulsions, magmas, and gels are given in small amounts because they contain large portions of active drugs ingredients, the ingredients that produce the therapeutic effect.
- All of the statements are correct about tinctures, fluidextracts, elixirs, and spirits EXCEPT:
they are highly concentrated forms of drugs.
these preparations must be measured carefully using a dropper or medicine glass.
they may be added to water or juice.
they can be administered via the parenteral route.
they can be administered via the parenteral route.
Tinctures, fluidextracts, elixirs, and spirits are highly concentrated forms of drugs that must be measured with a dropper or medicine glass and may be added to water or juice.
They contain much higher amount of drug per unit of liquid than other liquid forms.
- All of the type of medications can be administered to alcoholics or diabetics EXCEPT:
enteric-coated tablets.
sustained-release capsules.
fluidextracts.
troches.
fluidextracts.
Fluidextracts along with tinctures, elixirs, and spirits should not be administered to alcoholics and diabetics because they have alcohol in them
- Which term describes a liquid suspension for external application to the skin to relieve pain and swelling?
Lotion
Gel
Liniment
Ointment
Liniment
Liniment is a liquid suspension for external application to the skin to relieve pain and swelling.
Liniments are rubbed onto the skin to promote absorption. An example is BenGay.
- Which describe a medication preparation that is commonly delivered by oral inhaler, allowing for rapid absorption into the bloodstream?
Spray
Aerosol
Mister
Liquid
Aerosol
Aerosol medications are frequently delivered by oral inhalers that allow for rapid absorption into the bloodstream.
An example is Albuterol (Proventil), a bronchodilator used in the treatment of obstructive airway disease such as asthma.
- Which type of drugs must always bear the label “Sterile—for ophthalmic use”?
Parenteral medications
Otic medications
Eye medications
Neonatal medications
Eye medications
Eye ointments must always bear the label “Sterile—for ophthalmic use.”
- Which describes drug powders that have been pressed or molded into small disks?
Lozenges
Troches
Caplets
Tablets
Tablets
Tablets are drug powders that have been pressed or molded into small disks.
- Which type of medication can lead to an overdose if crushed, opened, or emptied into food?
Caplets
Spansules
Scored tablets
Enteric-coated tablets
Spansules
Spansules can result in an overdose if crushed, opened, or emptied into food.
- The side effect of stomach irritation could be lessened if a patient was prescribed which type of medication?
Caplets
Spansules
Scored tablets
Enteric-coated tablets
Enteric-coated tablets
Stomach irritation is lessened when enteric-coated medications are administered.
Enteric-coated tablets should never be split when given to patients. the special coating keeps them from dissolving in the acidic secretions of the stomach. They do not dissolve until they reach the alkaline secretions of the intestines.
- Which term describes a form of drug that is mixed with a firm base that melts at body temperature and is molded into a shape suitable for insertion into the rectum or vagina?
Troche
Caplet
Spansule
Suppository
Suppository
A suppository is a form of a drug that is mixed with a firm base that melts at body temperature and is molded into a shape suitable for insertion into the vagina or rectum.
The active ingredients take effect locally or are absorbed into the bloodstream for systemic effects.
An example of a vaginal suppository is miconazole nitrate (Monistat), an antifungal used for vaginal fungal infection.
An example of a rectal suppository is bisacodyl (Dulcolax), a laxative used for relief of constipation.
- Which route of drug administration is the slowest way for a drug to reach the cells of the body?
Rectal
Parenteral
Oral
Inhalation
Oral
Oral medication administration is the slowest way for drugs to be absorbed.
Oral administration is the easiest, safest, and most economical way for a patient to take medication. Its absorption can be affected by the presence of food.
- Which statement is true about oral medication administration?
The drug can be broken down by enzymes in the digestive system.
Absorption can be affected by the presence of food. Irritating medications may cause nausea and stomach discomfort.
All answers are correct.
All answers are correct.
Oral medications can be broken down by enzymes in the digestive system, but is also the slowest way for a drug to reach the cells. The enzymes are in the GI system, therefore affecting its absorption. The presence of food can cause nausea and vomiting.
- Which statement is NOT true about sublingual medication administration?
The medication is placed under the patient’s tongue. The patient should take the medication with food or drink.
Absorption is faster than using the oral route. Medications are usually given for their systemic effects.
The patient should take the medication with food or drink.
The patient should not take anything by mouth until the medication is dissolved. Sublingual medications are placed under the patient’s tongue. Absorption is faster than the oral route and usually given for their systemic effects
Example: Nitroglycerin, a drug that dialites heart vessels and Ergotamine tartrate (Ergostat) for migraine headaches.
- Which statement does NOT describe instructions that should be given to a patient who is using the buccal route of medication administration?
Place the medication in the mouth next to the cheek. No food or drink is permitted until the tablets dissolve. Always place the medication in the same place to increase absorption.
Decrease mucosal irritation by alternating cheeks with each dose.
Decrease mucosal irritation by alternating cheeks with each dose.
Buccal medications are placed in the mouth next to the cheek and no food or drink is given until the tablets dissolve. Always place the medication in the same place to increase absorption.
????
- Which term describes the method of applying a drug directly to the skin or mucous membrane, usually for a local effect?
Intradermal
Interdermal
Dermal
Transdermal
Transdermal
Transdermal administration is a way of applying a drug directly to the skin or mucous membrane, and usually has a local effect.
Which term describes the process of dropping medications into the eyes, ears, and nose?
Irrigation
Insertion
Instillation
Inserting
Instillation
Instillation is the method of applying drugs into the eyes, ears, and nose or some other body cavity.
- Which describes how a suppository would be administered?
Irrigation
Insertion
Instillation
Inserting
Insertion
A suppository is inserted into a body cavity such as a rectum or vagina.
- Which ERM describes the process of rinsing a part of the body cavity with water that contains drugs?
Irrigation
Insertion
Instillation
Inserting
Irrigation
Irrigation is the rinsing of the body cavity with water or other solutions.
- Which condition is usually treated by administering medications via nebulizers, inhalers, and atomizers?
Diabetes
Influenza
Congestive heart failure
Asthma
Asthma
Inhalation therapy is administered via inhalers, nebulizers, and atomizers in conditions such as asthma.
- Which route of medication administration requires that all supplies be sterile?
Buccal
Sublingual
Parenteral
Oral
Parenteral
All equipment is to be sterile when giving a parenteral medication because the skin is broken.
All injection equipment and medication must be sterile, or free of microorganisms. The method is expensive, sometimes painful, and awkward for patients to administer to themselves. There is a danger of injecting the drug incorrectly into a vein.
- Which describes the process whereby a physician tells a healthcare worker which drug or drugs to administer to a patient?
Prescription
Medication order
Chart note
SOAP
Medication order
A physician tells a healthcare worker which drug or drugs to administer through a written or verbal medication order.
It may be expressed in writing or verbally. When an order must be given verbally, as in an emergency situation, it should be written down and signed by the physician within 24 hours.
- Which describes a drug order where the ordered drug is administered until a discontinuation order is written or until a specified termination date is reached?
Standing order
Routine order
PRN order
Verbal order
Routine order
A routine order is an order for a drug that is administered until a specific termination date is reached.
The most common type of drug order.
- The medication order “Give Tylenol 500 mg PO q 4 hrs for temperature of 101°F or above” is an example of a:
standing order.
routine order.
PRN order.
verbal order.
standing order.
A standing order is when a drug is administered for a specific condition. An example is “Give Tylenol 500 mg PO q 4 hrs for a temperature of 101°F.”
Standing orders are written and signed by the physician in charge of a patients care before they are needed.
- Which describes a type of medication order written by a physician for a drug to be given when a patient needs it?
Standing order
Routine order
PRN order
Verbal order
PRN order
A PRN order is written so it is available when a patient needs it.
The majority of drugs written as PRN orders are pain medications.
- Which of the following abbreviations stands for after meals?
a.c.
p.c.
n.p.o.
q.
p.c.
The abbreviation p.c. stands for after meals.
- Which of the following abbreviations means twice a day?
qid
tid
bid
dc
bid
The abbreviation for twice a day is bid.
- Which statement describes why unit-dose packaging is the safest and most convenient means of administering medicines?
The drugs require little handling and no special preparation before being taken to the patient.
Unused doses can be returned to the pharmacy for credit.
The individual wrappings ensure that drugs will not become contaminated in handling.
All answers are correct.
All answers are correct.
The safest and most convenient way of administering medications is unit-dose packaging. They require minimum handling, while unused doses can be returned to the pharmacy. Because the doses of drugs are wrapped individually, they have minimal handling.
- Which type of medications must be kept in a locked, secure place with limited access, must be counted or measured at the beginning of each shift, and must have the quantity recorded on a narcotics form?
Antibiotics
Contraceptives
Controlled substances
Antipyretics
Controlled substances
Because they are restricted, controlled substances are locked up and have limited access and must be signed out. They are counted at the beginning of every shift and recorded on a narcotics form.
Locked boxes contain Schedule II, III, and IV drugs.
- Which statement describes correct guidelines for setting up medications?
Clear your mind of everything. The task at hand needs your full attention.
Follow aseptic procedure when handling medications. If preparing a unit-dose tablet, place the tablet directly into the medicine cup.
All answers are correct.
All answers are correct.
Three things that must be done when setting up medications include making sure you are not preoccupied with other thoughts besides setting up medications. Aseptic procedures must be followed because microorganisms can be transmitted, think about cleanliness. Never open the package until with the patient.
- Which statement describes an INCORRECT way to pour a liquid medication from a bottle?
Remove the cap and place it upside down.
Hold the bottle with the label against the palm of the hand while pouring.
Hold the cup at eye level to ensure accuracy of the dose.
Place the medication cup on a surface at eye level to ensure accuracy.
Hold the cup at eye level to ensure accuracy of the dose.
When pouring a medication, place it on a surface at eye level. Never hold it at eye level and pour.
- When administering a medication, the label should be checked _____________ time(s).
one
two
three
four
three
Check the medication label three times with a unit-dose recording form before administering.
- Which statement describes when to give a medication that should be taken on an empty stomach?
1 hour before meals or 2 hours afterward
2 hours before meals or 1 hour afterward
1 hour before meals or 1 hour afterward
2 hours before meals or 2 hours afterward
1 hour before meals or 2 hours afterward
Take a drug that needs to be given on an empty stomach 1 hour before meals or 2 hours afterward.
- Which abbreviation describes when to administer medications that cause sleepiness?
a. m.
p. c.
h. s.
q. h.
h.s.
Give any medication that can cause drowsiness at bedtime, or h.s.
- Which is a good guideline to follow when assessing a patient for any reaction to a medication?
Assess after 15 minutes.
Assess after 30 minutes.
Assess after 45 minutes.
Assess after 60 minutes.
Assess after 30 minutes.
Assess a patient 30 minutes after giving a drug for any side effects.
- Although a drug may have several brand names, it only has one:
trade name.
recorded name.
generic name.
registered name
generic name.
A drug has only one generic name but may have several brand names.
- Which information will NOT be found on a medication label?
How the medication is to be given
The form of the drug
The dosage strength
The PDR number
The PDR number
How the medication is to be given and the form of the drug are found on the drug label. The strength of the drug, generic and brand name, National Drug Code numbers, expiration date, and lot number or batch number are also found on the label.
- Which may be present on a drug label?
Specific storage requirements
The length of time a drug will be potent after being opened
The warning “Not safe for pregnant women”
All answers are correct.
All answers are correct.
Specific storage requirements, the length of time a drug will be potent after being opened, and the warning “not safe for pregnant women” are all found on a drug label.
- Which item on a drug label makes it easier for a manufacturer to trace a problem to a particular batch, allowing for drug recall?
Expiration date
Lot number
Manufacturer’s address
National Drug Code numbers
Lot number
The lot number found on the drug label makes it easier for a manufacturer to trace a problem to a particular batch, allowing for drug recall.
- Which statement about the patient’s medical record is correct?
It is a form of communication between the patient, doctor, and healthcare team.
The chart is a legal document.
Researchers may use the chart to study diseases or drugs.
All answers are correct.
All answers are correct.
The patient’s medical record is a form of communication between the patient, doctor, and healthcare team. It is a legal document and researchers may use the chart to study diseases or drugs.
- Which term describes a system of documenting that involves the chart being organized according to a numbered list of problems?
SOAP
PIE
POMR
MAR
POMR
The POMR is a system of documenting that involves the chart being organized according to a numbered list of problems.
- Which term describes a way to organize and chart patient progress?
SOAP
POMR
MAR
PRN
SOAP
SOAP (subjective-objective-assessment plan) notes are a way to organize information for charting.
- Which statement describes the proper way to chart medication administration?
Chart before you give the medication.
Chart after you give the medication.
At the end of the day, chart all of the medications you have given.
At the beginning of the day, chart all of the medications you are ordered to give.
Chart after you give the medication.
Chart a medication after you give it and never before.
- Which statement describes the right way to correct an error when charting?
Completely erase the error.
Use a correction pen, fluid, or tape.
Black out the mistake.
Draw one line through the mistake.
Draw one line through the mistake.
Draw one line through a mistake when charting. Never erase it or use correction pens, fluids, or tapes, or black it out.
- Which describes the MOST correct way to record information in the medical record?
Use a felt-tip pen.
Use a pencil.
Use a black-ink pen.
Use a gel pen.
Use a black-ink pen.
Use a black-ink pen to record information in the medical record. Only ink should be used.
- Which must be completed if a medication error occurs?
Medication administration form
Food and Drug Administration report
Incident report
Drug Enforcement Administration report
Incident report
When an error is made it should be charted on an incident report.
- Which step should be followed to prevent medication errors from occurring?
Carefully read medication labels.
Have all calculations checked by another member of the healthcare team.
Call the physician to clarify an illegible medication order.
All answers are correct.
All answers are correct.
To prevent errors from occurring, carefully read medication labels, have all calculations checked by another member of the healthcare team, and call the physician to clarify an illegible medication order.
- Which type of drugs must NOT be administered to a diabetic?
Tincture
Lotion
Emulsion
Magmas
Tincture
Never administer tinctures, fluidextracts, elixirs, and spirits to a patient with diabetes or a patient diagnosed with alcoholism because they contain alcohol.
- Which type of preparations should be patted onto the skin rather than rubbed in?
Liniments
Lotions
Gels
Emulsions
Lotions
Pat a lotion onto the skin rather than rub it in. Lotions are suspensions of drugs in water base and are used for external purposes.
- Which type of preparations allows drug effects to continue at the same level over a long period?
Enteric coated
Sustained release
Troches
Syrups
Sustained release
Sustained-release tablets are preparations that allow drug effects to continue at the same level over a long period of time. The rationale for this is they have several doses of a drug and have special coatings that dissolve at different rates, so the medicine releases into the stomach gradually. Some drugs are released immediately and some are released 12 hours later.
- Which is the abbreviation to use when documenting the administration of medication by mouth?
Buc
PO
No abbreviation
SL
PO
PO or p.o. refers to administration of a drug by mouth or orally.
- Which route of medication administration is the most dangerous way to administer drugs?
PO
SC
IM
IV
IV
The most dangerous way to administer a drug is intravenously because there is no way to correct an error. It is a way of placing a sterile solution into a vein. It is the most desirable route when a fast-acting medication is needed quickly.
- Which is the military time equivalent of 5:45 p.m.?
1745 hours
0545 hours
1145 hours
2545 hours
1745 hours
5:45 p.m. is converted to 1745 according to the military clock. To convert to military time, after 12:00 p.m. add 12 to the hour. Therefore 5:45 plus 12 equals 1745.
- Drugs that are combined with other ingredients (e.g., ingredients to make medicines taste better or to allow for application to the skin) are called drug ___________________.
preparations
Explanation: Drugs that are combined with other ingredients to make medications taste better or to allow for the drug to be applied to the skin are called preparations.
- Different forms of drugs are appropriate for different routes of administration, so it is important to use the correct form. Failure to administer the drug in the correct form results in medication __________________.
error
Explanation: Different forms of drugs are appropriate, so is important to use the correct form. Failure to administer the drug in the correct form results in medication error.
- Solutions, syrups, fluidextracts, spirits, and elixirs are all examples of __________________ preparations.
liquid
Explanation: Liquid preparations include solutions, syrups, fluidextracts, spirits, and eixirs.
- Drugs that are able to dissolve in liquids are termed __________________.
soluble
Explanation: Soluble drugs are able to dissolve in liquids.
- The ingredient in a drug that produces the therapeutic effect is the _____________ ingredient.
active
Explanation: The active ingredient in a drug produces the therapeutic effect.
- A liquid that contains a completely dissolved drug in water or alcohol is termed a(n) ____________________.
solution
Explanation: A solution is a liquid that has a completely dissolved drug in it.
- A liquid that contains particles of an undissolved drug is termed a(n) ___________________.
suspension
Explanation: A suspension is a liquid that contains particles of an undissolved drug.
- A medication that is in the form of a suspension should be ________________ before administering.
shaken
Explanation: Medication in the form of a suspension should be shaken before administering.
- While separated suspensions must be shaken before administering, separated solutions must be
______________________.
discarded
Explanation: Solutions rarely separate when left standing. If they do, it is because they have been stored improperly or are past the expiration date for safe usage. Separated solutions should be discarded.
- Tinctures, fluidextracts, extracts, and spirits are highly concentrated forms of drugs and prescribed in small doses. Because of this, they must be measured using a medicine glass or ______________________.
dropper
Explanation:
Tinctures, fluidextracts, extracts, and spirits contain much higher amounts of drugs per liquid than do other liquid forms. As a result, the dose is smaller and must be measured in a medicine glass or dropper.
- Heavy solutions of water and sugar, usually with a flavoring added to disguise the unpleasant taste of the drug, are called ________________.
syrups
Explanation: Syrups are heavy solutions of water and sugar with a flavoring added to disguise the unpleasant taste of the drug.
- ______________________ are liquid suspensions used for external application to the skin to relieve pain and swelling.
Liniments
Explanation: Liniments are liquid suspensions used for external application to the skin to relieve pain and swelling.
- Lotions are suspensions of drugs in a water base for external use. Lotions are ____________________ onto the skin rather than rubbed in.
patted
Explanation: Because lotions are suspensions of drugs in a water base for external use, they are patted onto the skin rather than rubbed in.
- Aerosol medications are commonly delivered by oral inhalers and are used in the treatment of obstructive airway disease such as _______________.
asthma
Explanation: Aerosol medications are delivered by oral inhalers and frequently used in the treatment of obstructive airway disease such as asthma. An example is albuterol (Proventil), a bronchodilator.
- Eye ointments must always bear the label “Sterile—for ___________________ use.”
ophthalmic
Explanation: Medications labeled “Sterile—for ophthalmic use” are eye ointments.
- Drug powders that have been pressed or molded into small disks are called _______________.
tablets
Explanation: Tablets are drug powders that have been pressed or molded into small disks.
- Tablets may be _____________________, which allows for breakage into halves.
scored
Explanation:
Scored tablets allow breakage into halves.
- A(n) ____________________ is a gelatin sheath that contains one dose of medication.
capsule
Explanation: A gelatin sheath containing one dose of medication is called a capsule.
- Sustained-release capsules are often called ___________________.
spansules
Explanation: Spansules are sustained-release capsules.
- A medication form that contains several doses of a drug that are released into the stomach gradually is a(n) _____________________________ tablet or capsule.
sustained-release
Explanation: Sustained-release tablets and capsules contain several doses of a drug that have special coatings released into the stomach gradually.
- ________________________ tablets and capsules have a special coating that keeps them from dissolving in the acid secretions of the stomach.
Enteric-coated
Explanation: Enteric-coated tablets and capsules have a special coating that keeps them from dissolving in the acid secretions of the stomach.
- Never crush, open, or empty a sustained-release tablet or capsule into food or liquid. Using sustained-release medication in this way can cause the patient to receive a(n) _________________.
overdose
Explanation: Never crush, open, or empty a sustained-release tablet or capsule into food or liquid because it predisposes a patient to an overdose.
- Troches and lozenges are tablets designed to dissolve in the _________________ rather than be swallowed.
mouth
Explanation: Rather than being swallowed, troches and lozenges are tablet designed to dissolve in the mouth.
- Drugs that are inserted into the vagina or rectum are termed ________________.
suppositories
Explanation: Drugs that are inserted into the rectum or vagina are suppositories.
- Do not crush or mix enteric-coated tablets or capsules into food or liquid because they will destroy the enteric coating and cause the medication to be released into the stomach rather than the __________________.
intestine
Explanation: Never crush or mix enteric-coated tablets or capsules into food or liquid because they will destroy the enteric coating and cause the medication to be released into the stomach instead of the intestines.
- Oral administration is the easiest, safest, and most economical way for a patient to take medicine; however, it is also the _________________ way for a drug to reach the cells of the body.
slowest
Explanation: Although oral administration is the easiest, safest, and most economical way to administer a drug, it is also the slowest method.
- Sublingual administration means placing a drug under the ___________________.
tongue
Explanation: With sublingual administration, a drug is placed under the tongue.
- When a drug is administered via the sublingual route, the patient should be instructed not to ______________ or _______________ until all the medication is dissolved.
drink; eat
Explanation: Instruct the patient never to eat or drink until all the sublingual medication is dissolved.
- When patients are administered medications using the buccal route, they should be taught to alternate __________________ with each dose to avoid mucosal irritation.
cheeks
Explanation: To avoid mucosa irritation, alternate cheeks to administer a buccal medication.
- The method of applying a drug directly to the skin or mucous membrane is termed _____________________ administration.
topical
Explanation: Topical administration refers to applying a drug directly to the skin or mucous membrane.
- The placement of drops of liquid into the eyes, ears, nose, or some other body cavity is called _______________________.
instillation
Explanation: Putting drops of liquid into the eyes, ears, nose, or some other body cavity is called instillation.
- The placement of an object into a body cavity (e.g., putting a suppository in the rectum) is called _____________________.
insertion
Explanation: Insertion is putting a topical medication such as a suppository into the rectum, vagina, or urinary bladder.
- _____________________ involves rinsing a body cavity with water or other solutions.
Irrigation
Explanation: Rinsing a body cavity with water or other solution is called irrigation.
- In ________________________ administration, medicine is sprayed into the nose, throat, and lungs.
inhalation
Explanation: Inhalation administration is when a drug is sprayed or inhaled into the nose, throat, or lungs.
- Injecting a drug into the body with a needle and syringe is called _______________________ administration.
parenteral
Explanation: Parenteral medication administration is injecting a drug into the body with needle and syringe.
- When an object is free of all microorganisms it is ________________.
sterile
Explanation: Being sterile means being free of all microorganisms
- When an intradermal injection is correctly performed, a small _____________ will form under the skin.
bubble (bleb)
Explanation: With intradermal administration, a small amount of medication is injected into a layer of fatty tissue that lies beneath the outer layer of skin. A small bleb, or bubble, will form under the skin.
- The abbreviation IM is used to designate the ____________________ route of medication administration.
intramuscular
Explanation: The abbreviation for intramuscular is IM.
- When a physician tells a nurse or another healthcare worker which drug or drugs to administer to a patient, the physician is giving a(n) ____________________________.
medication order
Explanation: When a physician tells a nurse which drug or drugs are to be administered to a patient, it is called giving a medication order.
When an order must be given verbally, as in an emergency situation, it should be written down and signed by the physician within __________ hours.
24
Explanation: A verbal order may need to be given in an emergency situation. It must be written down and signed by a physician within 24 hours of the order being given.
- A(n) _____________________ is a patient who is not hospitalized, for example, a walk-in (ambulatory) patient.
outpatient
Explanation: Any patient who is not hospitalized is an outpatient. An example is a walk-in or ambulatory clinic patient.
- When writing a prescription, the patient’s age must be included, especially if the _________________ needs to be checked (e.g., for children and older adult patients).
dosage
Explanation: The dosage of a medication must be checked when writing a prescription for a child or older adult. The patient’s age must be included.
- In military time, 9:30 a.m. would be recorded as ______________ in a patient’s chart.
0930
Explanation: 9:30 a.m. is written as 0930. When using military time, the day begins at 0001 (12:01 a.m.) and ends with 2400 or 2400 (12:00 midnight). The number of the hour is used with zeros as appropriate to indicate both hours and minutes.
100.When a drug is to be given when a patient needs it, the physician denotes this by writing a(n) ___________________ order.
PRN
Explanation: A PRN order is an order to administer a medication when a patient needs it.
101.”Give Tylenol 500 mg PO q 4 hrs for a temperature of 101ºF or above” is an example of a(n) ______________________ order.
standing
Explanation: A standing order is when a drug is administered for a specific condition.
102.The abbreviation p.c. means ___________________.
after meals
Explanation: The abbreviation for after meals is p.c.
103.Drugs such as narcotics, stimulants, and depressants are classified as ________________________________ because their use is restricted.
controlled substances
Explanation: The use of controlled substances is restricted. Examples are narcotics, stimulants, and depressants. These drugs have the potential for abuse.
104.When working with a liquid medication, place the medication cup on a surface at ________________ to ensure accuracy of the dose.
eye level
Explanation: When giving a liquid medication, place it at eye level on a stable surface. This ensures an accurate dose.
105.Liquid oral medicines are especially convenient for ________________________ and ___________________________ who have trouble swallowing solid capsules and tablets.
children; older adults
Explanation: Liquid oral medications are given to children and older adults if they have trouble swallowing solid capsules and tablets.
106.A form of medication, of which guaifenesin (Robitussin) is an example, is a(n) ___________________.
syrup
Explanation: A syrup is a special form of medication, such as guaifenesin (Robitussin).
107.A(n) ________________________ must be shaken before use.
suspension
Explanation: A suspension is a medication that must be shaken before being given.
108.BenGay is an example of a(n) __________________, which is a liquid suspension used to relieve pain and swelling.
liniment
Explanation: Liniments are liquid suspensions for external application to the skin to relieve pain and swelling. They are rubbed into the skin which promotes absorption. An example is BenGay.
109.Liniments are used to relieve _______________________ and ______________________.
pain; swelling
Explanation: Liniments are liquid suspension for external application to the skin to relieve pain and swelling. They are rubbed into the skin. An example is BenGay.
110.Automated medication dispensing systems require the use of a(n) _____________________ to ensure secure access.
password
Explanation: Automated medication dispensing systems such as a Pyxis MedStation system ensures secure access through encrypted passwords or through fingerprint scanning recognition systems.
111.Nitrostat is an example of the ________________ name of a drug.
trade
Explanation:
Nitrostat is the trade name, which is also known as the brand name. Trade or brand names are the property of the company that manufactures the drugs. A registered trademark appears in the upper right corner of a drug indicating the name has been registered with the U.S. Patent Trademark Office.
112.Many medication errors occur as a result of the incorrect placement of the _______________ point.
decimal
Explanation: Always have calculations checked by another member of the healthcare team. Many medication errors occur as a result of incorrect placement of the decimal point.
113.List the “seven rights” for administering medications.
Feedback: The “seven rights” of medication administration include:
- Right drug
- Right dose
- Right patient
- Right route
- Right time
- Right technique
- Right documentation
114.What facts must be recorded on the medication administration record (MAR)?
Feedback: The following facts must be recorded on the medication administration record (MAR):
- Name of the drug
- Strength and/or amount of the drug
- Times at which the drug is given
- Route by which the drug is given
- Initials and signature of the healthcare worker who administers the drug
115.Describe how a problem-oriented medical record (POMR) is organized.
The chart is organized according to a numbered list of problems or diagnoses. All health care team members chart on the same form. They chart their observations, plan of action, treatments, and results, with a number telling which particular problem they are working on.
116.Describe the makeup of a SOAP note.
SOAP entries include the following:
Subjective data: the patients complaints and feelings in his or her own words.
Objective data: your own observations or measurements (vitals, behavior)
Assessment: an interpretation of the patients condition.
Plan: specific orders, such as treatments, diagnostic test, medications or patients education, that will help the patient’s current problem.
