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Administering Medications > CH 19 Antineoplastic Drugs > Flashcards

CH 19 Antineoplastic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a function of a cell?

Regulate temperature
Absorb food
Excrete waste products
Reproduce

A

Regulate temperature

The functions of the cell include absorbing foods, excreting waste products, and reproducing.

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2
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a specialization performed by cells?

Forming protective coatings and linings for body parts Producing chemicals that control body processes Connecting body parts or creating body movement
Synthesizing minerals and electrolytes

A

Synthesizing minerals and electrolytes

Specialized functions of the cells are forming protective coatings and linings for body parts, producing chemicals that control body processes, and connecting body parts or creating body movement.

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3
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a type of cell in the human body?

Muscle
Epithelial
Chlorophyll
Connective

A

Chlorophyll

The four types of cells in the human body are muscle, epithelial, connective, and nerve cells.

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes a cell’s ability to divide into two?

Replication
Meiosis
Reproduction
Duplication

A

Reproduction

Cells have the ability to divide into two when they reach a certain size, called reproduction.

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5
Q
  1. During disease and trauma, many cells may be damaged, but damaged cells can be replaced through reproduction. This process is called:

replacement.
renewal.
healing.
diffusion.

A

healing

During disease and trauma, many cells may be damaged, but damaged cells can be reproduced through a process called healing.

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6
Q
  1. Which of the following statements explains why older adults have special medical needs that include the necessity of adjusting drug dosages for age?

Cells are not easily able to replace themselves.
The process of cell division slows.
Healing takes longer after an accident or illness.
Digestion, energy production, and excretion all slow down.

A

Digestion, energy production, and excretion all slow down.

Digestion, energy production, and excretion all slow down as the body ages explaining why older adults have special medical needs and why drug doses must be adjusted for age.

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7
Q
  1. Which of the following terms is used to describe a group of cells working together?

Organs
Systems
Tissues
Groups

A

Tissues

Tissues are a group of cells of the same type, working together to perform some function.

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8
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes two or more tissue types that perform a specific function?

Organs
Systems
Tissues
Groups

A

Organs

Organs are made up of two or more tissue types that perform a specific function.

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9
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes well-organized groups of organs and tissues that perform functions to include breathing, eating, thinking, and regulating body processes?

Organs
Systems
Tissues
Groups

A

Systems

The important functions that keep the body living—breathing, eating and digesting, thinking, and regulating body processes—are performed by well-organized groups of organs and tissues called body systems.

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10
Q
  1. The body is built of living cells, and it can manufacture many substances that it needs. Which of the following is the most important substance that the body must take in?

Fiber
Water
Minerals
Vitamins

A

Water

The most important substance that the body must take in is water.

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11
Q
  1. Water is the largest component of the fluid inside cells and is called:

Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondria

A

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm is the fluid inside the cell.

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12
Q
  1. Which of the following chemical activities does NOT involve water?

Gases, liquids, and solids are dissolved in water before traveling through the body.
Absorption involves water.
Heat conservation involves water.
Distribution involves water.

A

Heat conservation involves water.

Gases, liquids, and solids are dissolved in water before traveling through the body. The processes of absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and excretion all involve water.

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13
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes fluid found in spaces between cells; it is also called intercellular fluid?

Lymph
Tissue fluid
Cytoplasm
Plasma

A

Tissue fluid

Fluid found in spaces between cells is called tissue fluid or intercellular fluid.

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14
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a substance that the body depends on for life processes?

Minerals
Vitamins
Fibers
Proteins

A

Fibers

Substances the body depends on for its life processes are minerals such as salt and calcium, vitamins, fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

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15
Q
  1. Which of the following is the most important defense mechanism of the external immune system?

Mucous membranes
Cilia
Tears
Skin

A

Skin

The most important defense mechanism of the external immune system is the skin.

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16
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes harmful microorganisms?

Pathogens
Antibodies
Invaders
Malignant

A

Pathogens

The medical term for harmful microorganisms is pathogens.

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17
Q
  1. Which of the following types of cells produce antibodies, which are proteins that help destroy pathogens as they enter the body?

Erythrocytes
Thrombocytes
Leukocytes
Osteocytes

A

Leukocytes

Leukocytes are cells that produce antibodies that destroy pathogens as they enter the body.

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18
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes proteins that help destroy pathogens as they enter the body?

Antigens
Antibodies
T-cells
Hemoglobin

A

Antibodies

Proteins that help destroy pathogens as they enter the body are called antibodies.

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19
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a feature of cancer?

Rapid cell growth and reproduction
Invasion of nearby tissue causing destruction
Seeding
Encapsulation and localization

A

Encapsulation and localization

Rapid cell growth and reproduction, invasion of nearby tissue causing destruction, and seeding are all features of cancer.

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20
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes a spreading of malignant cells from one site to other parts of the body?

Diffusion
Infiltrating
Metastasis
Osmosis

A

Metastasis

The medical term for the spreading of malignant cells from one site to other parts of the body is metastasis.

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21
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes an abnormal lump or mass of tissue?

Hematoma
Tumor
Atrophy
Hyperplasia

A

Tumor

A tumor is an abnormal lump or mass of tissue.

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22
Q
  1. Which of the following terms is used to describe a well-defined tumor that is contained and will not spread to other parts of the body?

Malignant
Stage III
Benign
Cytostatic

A

Benign

A well-defined tumor that is contained and will not spread to other parts of the body is called benign.

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23
Q
  1. Which of the following terms means cancerous, or able to spread to other parts of the body or to invade locally?

Malignant
Diffusion
Osmosis
Benign

A

Malignant

A cancerous tumor that spreads to other parts of the body or invades locally is called malignant.

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24
Q
  1. Which of the following gives the best chance of curing cancer?

Radiation
Chemotherapy
Early detection
Surgery

A

Early detection

Early detection of cancer gives the best chance of curing the disease.

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25
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes drug treatment of cancer?

Nuclear medicine
Chemotherapy
Pharmacotherapy
Cytotherapy

A

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is drug therapy for cancer.

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26
Q
  1. Drugs that are used for chemotherapy are attracted to cells that are rapidly:

absorbing.
multiplying.
metabolizing.
mutating.

A

multiplying.

Some drugs used for chemotherapy are specifically attracted to cells that are multiplying rapidly.

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27
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT an area of the body that has rapidly multiplying cells?

Blood-forming centers
Skin
Linings of the mouth, throat, stomach, and intestines
Genitalia

A

Genitalia

Areas of the body that have rapidly multiplying cells are the blood-forming centers; the skin; and the linings of the mouth, throat, stomach, and intestines.

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28
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a result of chemotherapeutic drugs killing blood cells?

Patients bruise easily.
Patients are more prone to infection.
Bones break more easily.
The temperature regulatory system breaks down.

A

The temperature regulatory system breaks down.

Patients receiving chemotherapy often bruise easily because of the destruction of platelets, and they may be prone to infection because white blood cells have been destroyed. In addition, their bones may break easily and heal slowly because cancer drugs weaken the bone tissue.

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29
Q
  1. Which of the following side effects occur as a result of chemotherapy affecting the skin and the linings of the mouth, throat, stomach, and intestines?

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Anorexia, nausea, diarrhea
Hair loss, nausea, vomiting
Anorexia, diarrhea, hair loss

A

Hair loss, nausea, vomiting

Hair loss, nausea, and vomiting are side effects of chemotherapy.

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30
Q
  1. Which of the following describes how chemotherapeutic agents are administered?

Low doses are given continuously over a long period. Cycles of intensive treatment followed by a recovery period are used.
High doses are given continuously over a long period. A high initial dose is given, followed by a lower maintenance dose.

A

Cycles of intensive treatment followed by a recovery period are used.

Cancer drugs are given in cycles of intensive treatment followed by a recovery period, followed by another intensive treatment.

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31
Q
  1. Without chemotherapy, after six generations a cancer cell would have produced ______ cancer cells.

128
64
12
6

A

64

Without chemotherapy, after six generations a cancerous cell would have produced 64 cancer cells. If 1 cell mutates and becomes cancerous the progression would be as follows: 1 cell reproduces to make 2 cells × 2 = 4 cells × 2 = 8 cells × 2 = 16 cells × 2 = 32 cells × 2 = 64 cells.

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32
Q
  1. Which of the following terms is used to describe the period during which disease symptoms disappear?

Curative
Palliative
Remission
Expected

A

Remission

The term for when the disease symptoms disappear is remission.

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33
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a term used to describe drugs used against cancer?

Antineoplastics
Cytostatic
Cytotoxic
Cytocidal

A

Cytocidal

Antineoplastics slow down or kill growing cells. Other terms for anticancer drugs are cytostatic, which means stopping all growth, and cytotoxic, which means poisonous to cells.

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34
Q
  1. Which of the following terms means able to suppress cell growth and replication?

Cytostatic
Cytocidal
Cytotoxic
Cytopenia

A

Cytostatic

Suppression of cell growth and replication is called cytostatic.

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35
Q
  1. Which of the following terms means poisonous to cells?

Cytostatic
Cytocidal
Cytotoxic
Cytopenia

A

Cytotoxic

Cytotoxic means poisonous to cells.

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36
Q
  1. Which of the following types of drugs cross-link strands of cellular DNA and interfere with RNA, causing an imbalance of growth that results in cell destruction?

Antimetabolites
Alkylating agents
Antibiotic antitumor drugs
Miotic inhibitors

A

Alkylating agents

Alkylating agents are drugs that cross-link strands of cellular DNA and interfere with RNA, causing an imbalance of growth that results in cell destruction.

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37
Q
  1. Which of the following drugs acts as an imposter of a building block necessary in the formation of DNA, thereby interfering with the normal production of DNA and resulting in cell death?

Antimetabolites
Alkylating agents
Antibiotic antitumor drugs
Miotic inhibitors

A

Antimetabolites

Antimetabolites are structurally similar to a building block necessary in the formation of DNA. The cell accepts this substance; however, since it is an imposter, it interferes with the normal production of DNA, resulting in cell death.

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38
Q
  1. Which of the following drugs are plant alkaloids that block cell division in the metaphase?

Antimetabolites
Alkylating agents
Antibiotic antitumor drugs
Miotic inhibitors

A

Miotic inhibitors

Miotic inhibitors are plant alkaloids that block cell divisions in the metaphase.

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39
Q
  1. Estrogen used to treat postmenopausal cancer, progestin used with cancer of the kidney, androgens used to treat breast cancer, and tamoxifen used in metastatic breast cancer in women are all examples of the use of ______________ to treat cancer.

Antimetabolites
Hormones
Lymphokines
Antibiotic antitumor drugs

A

Hormones

Estrogen used to treat postmenopausal cancer, progestin used with cancer of the kidney, androgens used to treat breast cancer, and tamoxifen used in metastatic breast cancer in women are all examples of the use of hormones to treat cancer.

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40
Q
  1. Which of the following drugs should be administered prophylactically before administering a chemotherapy drug?

Antiemetics
Rogaine
Antidiarrheals
Histamine

A

Antiemetics

Antiemetic drugs should be administered prophylactically before administering a chemotherapy drug for the possibility of vomiting.

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41
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a guideline followed when preparing chemotherapy agents?

Work in a specially ventilated room.
Use strict aseptic technique.
Follow standard precautions when handling chemotherapy drugs.
Use PPE when handling the patient’s vomit, urine, or feces.

A

Follow standard precautions when handling chemotherapy drugs.

When preparing chemotherapy agents, you must work in a specially ventilated room, use strict aseptic technique, and use PPE when handling the patient’s vomit, urine, or feces.

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42
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes irritation of the mucous membranes of the mouth?

Esophagitis
Gingivitis
Periodontal disease
Stomatitis

A

Stomatitis

Irritation of the mucous membrane of the mouth is called stomatitis.

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43
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes a reduction in the number of leukocytes in the blood?

Leukocytosis
Esophagitis
Anemia
Leukopenia

A

Leukopenia

Leukopenia is the reduction in the number of leukocytes in the blood.

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44
Q
  1. Which of the following terms describes hair loss?

Atrichia
Alopecia
Seborrheic keratosis
Folliculitis

A

Alopecia

The medical term for hair loss is alopecia

45
Q
  1. Which of the following diet modifications should NOT occur when a person is undergoing chemotherapy?

Include foods with strong odors to stimulate the olfactory system.
Eat frequent, small meals.
Eat high-protein, high-calorie meals.
Drink a glass of red wine to stimulate the appetite.

A

Include foods with strong odors to stimulate the olfactory system.

Encourage your patient to eat by providing a pleasant environment and to select desirable foods. Foods with strong odors such as meats should be avoided. A glass of wine with meals may stimulate your patient’s appetite. Also offer small, frequent, high-protein meals that are high in calories and may be better tolerated.

46
Q
  1. Because leukopenia is a side effect of chemotherapy, which of the following would NOT be correct for the healthcare worker to do?

Monitor the patient’s temperature and report, if elevated.
Instruct the patient to avoid large crowds.
Instruct the patient on the principles of good hand-washing techniques.
Administer an analgesic for fever.

A

Administer an analgesic for fever.

Analgesics are pain reducers; antipyretics are fever reducers. Because leukopenia is a side effect of chemotherapy, the healthcare worker should monitor the patient’s temperature for fever and report, if elevated; instruct the patient to avoid large crowds; and instruct the patient on the principles of good hand-washing techniques.

47
Q
  1. Which of the following techniques is NOT a method to use when assisting a patient with oral hygiene?

Use a hard toothbrush to thoroughly cleanse the teeth and gums.
Rinse the mouth often with water.
Rinse the mouth often with mouthwash.
Use a topical anesthetic.

A

Use a hard toothbrush to thoroughly cleanse the teeth and gums.

Instruct the patient to rinse the mouth often with water or mouthwash and use a topical anesthetic. The patient should use a soft, not hard, toothbrush to cleanse the teeth and gums.

48
Q
  1. Which of the following types of cells make up the lining of body tubes and cavities, glands, and skin?

Dermal
Hormonal
Epithelial
Connective

A

Epithelial

Epithelial cells make up the lining of body tubes and cavities, glands, and skin.

49
Q
  1. Which of the following is a synthetic antiestrogen drug used in metastatic breast cancer in women?

Tamoxifen
Taxol
Interferon alfa-2a
Cytoxan

A

Tamoxifen

A synthetic antiestrogen drug used in metastatic breast cancer in women is tamoxifen (Nolvadex).

50
Q
  1. Reglan, Ativan, and Compazine are examples of which of the following types of medication given to prevent vomiting during chemotherapy?

Antiemetics
Antineoplastics
Analgesics
Interferons

A

Antiemetics

Metoclopramide (Reglan), lorazepam (Ativan), and prochlorperazine (Compazine) are examples of antiemetics given to prevent vomiting during chemotherapy.

51
Q
  1. Which of the following agencies has developed guidelines to follow when preparing to give chemotherapy?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) developed guidelines to follow when preparing to give chemotherapy.

52
Q
  1. To prevent a patient from thinking that chemotherapy is not effective or that the cancer is spreading, the healthcare worker should inform him or her of which of the following common side effects of chemotherapy?

Fatigue
Bulimia
Dehydration
Alopecia

A

Fatigue

The healthcare worker should inform the patient that fatigue is a common side effect of chemotherapy, so that he or she doesn’t think that chemotherapy is not effective or that the cancer is spreading.

53
Q
  1. A warning has been added to the breast cancer drug pamidronate (Aredia) to prevent which of the following adverse reaction?

Renal failure
Leukopenia
Arrhythmias
Anorexia

A

Renal failure

A warning has been added to the breast cancer drug pamidronate (Aredia) to prevent the adverse reaction of renal failure.

54
Q
  1. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and stomatitis are especially common and problematic side effects of ________ in a patient who is losing weight or having trouble maintaining weight.
A

chemotherapy

explanation: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and stomatitis are especially common and problematic side effects of chemotherapy in a patient who is losing weight or having trouble maintaining weight.

55
Q
  1. ____________ are the basic unit of structure of all living things.
A

Cells

Explanation: Cells are the basic unit of structure of all living things.

56
Q
  1. For efficiency, cells are ___________ to do certain jobs. Some are designed to form protective coatings and linings for body parts; others have the job of sending messages to and from the body’s control center, the brain.
A

specialized

Explanation: For efficiency, cells are specialized to do certain jobs. Some are designed to form protective coatings and linings for body parts; others have the job of sending messages to and from the body’s control center, the brain.

57
Q
  1. The four types of cells in the body are ____________, ______________, ___________, and ____________ cells.
A

epithelial; connective; muscle; nerve

Explanation: The four types of cells in the body are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve cells.

58
Q
  1. Cells have the ability to divide into two when they reach a certain size. This is called cell ________________.
A

reproduction

Explanation: Cell reproduction is the process whereby cells have the ability to divide into two when they reach a certain size

59
Q
  1. During disease and trauma many cells may be damaged, but because cells can reproduce themselves the body can often replace damaged cells. This is called _____________.
A

healing

Explanation: Healing is the process that occurs when cells reproduce themselves and replace cells damaged by trauma and disease.

60
Q
  1. As the body grows older, the process of cell division begins to slow. Cells are not able to replace themselves as easily as they did during youth. Consequently, the body takes ________ to heal after an accident or illness.
A

longer

Explanation: As the body grows older, it takes longer to heal. This is the result of the process of cell division slowing down. Cells are not able to replace themselves as easily as they did during youth.

61
Q
  1. The slowing down of body processes is why older adults have special needs and why drug ______ must be adjusted for age.
A

dosages

Explanation: The slowing down of body processes is why older adults have special needs and why drug dosages must be adjusted for age.

62
Q
  1. Groups of cells that work together to perform a certain function are called __________.
A

tissues

Explanation: Tissues are groups of cells of the same type, working together to perform certain functions.

63
Q
  1. __________ are made up of two or more types of tissues, organized to carry out a particular function.
A

Organs

Explanation: An organ is comprised of two or more types of tissues, organized to carry out a particular function.

64
Q
  1. The important functions that keep the body living—breathing, eating and digesting, eliminating, thinking, and regulating the body processes—are performed by well-organized groups of organs and tissues called body __________.
A

systems

Explanation: The important functions that keep the boy living—breathing, eating and digesting, eliminating, thinking, and regulating the body processes—are performed by well-organized groups of organs and tissues called body systems.

65
Q
  1. The body is built of living cells, and it can manufacture many substances that it needs. However, there are some materials that the body must take in. ____________ is the most important of these substances.
A

Water

Explanation: The body is built of living cells, and it can manufacture many substances that it needs. However, there are some materials that the body must take in. Water is the most important of these substances

66
Q
  1. The fluid inside the cell is called _____.
A

cytoplasm

Explanation: Cytoplasm is the fluid inside the cell.

67
Q
  1. The water that surrounds the cells is known as _____ fluid.
A

tissue

Explanation: The water that surrounds the cells is known as tissue fluid.

68
Q
  1. Bones, ligaments, cartilage, and scar tissue are examples of ____________ cells.
A

connective

Explanation: Examples of types of connective cells include bones, ligaments, cartilage, and scar tissue.

69
Q
  1. The linings of body tubes and cavities, glands, and skin are examples of _______ cells.
A

epithelial

Explanation: Examples of epithelial cells include linings of body tubes and cavities, glands, and skin.

70
Q
  1. The external immune system gives protection from infection because of normal functioning defenses. The most important defense is the ___________.
A

skin

Explanation: The external immune system gives protection from infection because of normal functioning defenses. The most important defense is the skin.

71
Q
  1. Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease are called _____________.
A

pathogens

Explanation: Pathogens are harmful microorganisms that can cause disease.

72
Q
  1. The internal immune system is made up of microscopic substances whose specialized function is to fight _______________.
A

infection

Explanation: The internal immune system is made up of microscopic substances whose specialized function is to fight infection.

73
Q
  1. Leukocytes, also called white blood cells, produce _______________, which are proteins that help destroy pathogens as they enter the body.
A

antibodies

Explanation: Leukocytes, also called white blood cells, produce antibodies, which are proteins that help destroy pathogens as they enter the body.

74
Q
  1. Changes in the genetic code governing normal cell reproduction cause _________ cells to reproduce at a much faster rate than normal cells.
A

cancer

Explanation: Changes in the genetic code governing normal cell reproduction cause cancer cells to reproduce at a much faster rate than normal cells.

75
Q
  1. Cancer cells can _________ nearby cells as they grow, causing destruction.
A

invade

Explanation: Cancer cells can invade nearby cells as they grow, causing destruction.

76
Q
  1. Cancer cells can “seed” themselves in other parts of the body and start new growths there; this is called ________________.
A

metastasis

Explanation: Cancer cells can “seed” themselves in other parts of the body and start new growths there; this is called metastasis.

77
Q
  1. Rapid cell growth may give rise to ______ which are lumps or masses of tissue.
A

tumors

Explanation: A tumor is an abnormal lump or mass of tissue.

78
Q
  1. Noncancerous tumors are called __________ tumors.
A

benign

Explanation: Noncancerous tumors are called benign tumors.

79
Q
  1. Cancerous tumors are called _________ tumors.
A

malignant

Explanation: Cancerous tumors are called malignant tumors.

80
Q
  1. The best chance of curing cancer is ______________________.
A

early detection

Explanation: The best chance of curing cancer is early detection.

81
Q
  1. Drug treatment of cancer is called _________________.
A

chemotherapy

Explanation: Chemotherapy is drug therapy for cancer.

82
Q
  1. Some chemotherapy drugs are specifically attracted to cells that are _____________ rapidly, thus they rush to the scene of a tumorous growth, killing cancer cells.
A

multiplying

Explanation: Some chemotherapy drugs are specifically attracted to cells that are multiplying rapidly, thus they rush to the scene of a tumorous growth, killing cancer cells.

83
Q
  1. Patients receiving chemotherapy often ________ easily because many platelets have been destroyed.
A

bruise

Explanation: Patients receiving chemotherapy often bruise easily because many platelets have been destroyed.

84
Q
  1. Patients receiving chemotherapy may be especially prone to ___________ because of the destruction of white blood cells.
A

infections

Explanation: Patients receiving chemotherapy may be especially prone to infections because of the destruction of white blood cells.

85
Q
  1. Hair loss is termed ______________.
A

alopecia

Explanation: The medical term for hair loss is alopecia.

86
Q
  1. Side effects from cancer treatment occur because chemotherapeutic agents cannot differentiate between ____________ cells and __________ cells.
A

cancerous; normal

Explanation: Side effects from cancer treatment occur because chemotherapeutic agents cannot differentiate between cancerous cells and normal cells.

87
Q
  1. Cancer drugs are given in ____________ of intensive treatment followed by a recovery period, followed by another intensive treatment, and so on.
A

cycles

Explanation: Cancer drugs are given in cycles of intensive treatment followed by a recovery period, followed by another intensive treatment, and so on.

88
Q
  1. Without chemotherapy, after six generations a cancer cell would have produced ________ cancer cells.
A

64

Explanation: Without chemotherapy, after six generations a cancer cell would have produced 64 cancer cells: 1 × 2 = 2 × 2 = 4 × 2 = 8 × 2 = 16 × 2 = 32 × 2 = 64.

89
Q
  1. _________________ means the disappearance of symptoms.
A

Remission

Explanation: Remission means the disappearance of symptoms.

90
Q
  1. ______ drugs interfere with malignant cell replication or reproduction.
A

Antineoplastic

Explanation: An antineoplastic is a drug that interferes with malignant cell replication or reproduction.

91
Q
  1. Another term used for anticancer drugs is _________, which means that they stop all growth.
A

cytostatic

Explanation: Cytostatic means able to suppress cell growth and replication

92
Q
  1. Another term used for anticancer drugs is ____________, which means poisonous to cells. .
A

cytotoxic

Explanation: Cytotoxic means poisonous to cells

93
Q
  1. Antimetabolites are structurally similar to a building block necessary in the formation of DNA, and the cell accepts the substance. However, since it is a(n) _____________, it interferes with the normal production of DNA, resulting in cell death.
A

imposter

Explanation: Antimetabolites are structurally similar to a building block necessary in the formation of DNA, and the cell accepts the substance. However, since it is an imposter, it interferes with the normal production of DNA, resulting in cell death.

94
Q
  1. Patients receiving miotic inhibitors should be watched closely for _____________ side effects such as numbness, tingling, headache, muscle pain, and double vision.
A

neuromuscular

Explanation: Patients receiving miotic inhibitors should be watched closely for neuromuscular side effects such as numbness, tingling, headache, muscle pain, and double vision.

95
Q
  1. Hormones may be used in the treatment of neoplasms that are sensitive to the body’s hormonal growth. _______________ is used to treat postmenopausal cancer.
A

Estrogen

Explanation: Hormones may be used in the treatment of neoplasms that are sensitive to the body’s hormonal growth. Estrogen is used to treat postmenopausal cancer.

96
Q
  1. Hormones may be used in the treatment of neoplasms that are sensitive to the body’s hormonal growth. _______________ are used to treat cancer of the kidney.
A

Progestins

Explanation: Hormones may be used in the treatment of neoplasms that are sensitive to the body’s hormonal growth. Progestins are used to treat cancer of the kidney.

97
Q
  1. Hormones may be used in the treatment of neoplasms that are sensitive to the body’s hormonal growth. _______________ are used to treat breast cancer in menopausal women.
A

Androgens

Explanation: Hormones may be used in the treatment of neoplasms that are sensitive to the body’s hormonal growth. Androgens are used to treat breast cancer in menopausal women.

98
Q
  1. Tamoxifen is a synthetic antiestrogen drug used in metastatic __________ cancer in women.
A

breast

Explanation: Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is a synthetic antiestrogen drug used in metastatic breast cancer in women.

99
Q
  1. Vomiting is a problem resulting from cancer therapy. ______________ are more effective in preventing vomiting than they are in treating it; they should be administered prophylactically before administering chemotherapy.
A

Antiemetics

Explanation: Vomiting is a problem resulting from cancer therapy. Antiemetics are more effective in preventing vomiting than they are in treating it; they should be administered prophylactically before administering chemotherapy.

100
Q

100.A reduction in the number of leukocytes in the blood is termed _____________. .

A

leukopenia

Explanation: The medical term for a reduction in the number of leukocytes in the blood is leukopenia

101
Q

101.Irritation of the mucous membranes of the mouth is termed _______________.

A

stomatitis

Explanation: The medical term for an irritation of the mucous membranes of the mouth is stomatitis.

102
Q

102.You can provide _______________ support to a patient receiving chemotherapy by listening to your patient’s fears and needs and doing what you can to help make him or her comfortable.

A

emotional

Explanation: You can provide emotional support to a patient receiving chemotherapy by listening to your patient’s fears and needs and doing what you can to help make him or her comfortable.

103
Q

103.______________________ is a cancer treatment that may be focused on a specific spot to kill cancer cells, implanted in nearby tissue, or swallowed.

A

Radiation

Explanation: Radiation is a cancer treatment that may be focused on a specific spot to kill cancer cells, implanted in nearby tissue, or swallowed.

104
Q

104.When being treated with alkylating agents, blood counts that reveal fewer lymph cells are being produced in the bone marrow signal ____________________.

A

remission

Explanation: When being treated with alkylating agents, blood counts that reveal fewer lymph cells are being produced in the bone marrow signal remission.

105
Q

105.Patients receiving miotic inhibitors should be watched closely for side effects such as numbness, tingling, headache, and muscle pain because these indicate early signs of ____________________.

A

neurotoxicity.

Explanation: Patients receiving miotic inhibitors should be watched closely for side effects such as numbness, tingling, headache, and muscle pain because these indicate early signs of neurotoxicity.

106
Q

106.Colony-stimulating factor (CSF) is given to a patient with _____________________ caused by chemotherapy.

A

low blood counts

Explanation: Colony-stimulating factor (CSF) is given to a patient with low blood counts caused by chemotherapy.

107
Q

107.Patients undergoing chemotherapy may be administered ___________________ to deal with pain.

A

analgesics

Explanation: Patients undergoing chemotherapy may be administered analgesics to deal with pain.

108
Q

108.To prevent infection secondary to leukopenia, patients should be instructed on the principles of good ______________________ techniques.

A

handwashing

Explanation: To prevent infection secondary to leukopenia, patients should be instructed on the principles of good handwashing techniques.

Administering Medications (18 decks)

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