Ch. 4.3 National Unification and the National State Flashcards
militarism
reliance on armed force (ex. Prussia)
kaiser
emperor (ex. of German Empire)
plebiscite
election in which people can only vote yes/no to a proposition
emancipation
freeing. emancipation edict: freed the serfs
abolitionism
movement to end slavery
secede
withdraw (South Carolina from the U.S.)
(a) reliance
“Prussia was also known for its militarism, or RELIANCE on armed force.”
(a) levy
“When the Prussian legislature refused to LEVY new taxes for the proposed military changes, William I appointed a new prime minister, Count Otto von Bismarck.”
(a) successor
“When a group of radicals assassinated Alexander II in 1881, his son and SUCCESSOR, Alexander III, turned against reform and returned to the old methods of repression.”
(p) Giuseppe Garibaldi
dedicated Italian patriot. arose in southern Italy. raised army of volunteers to fight for independence, known as Red Shirts. gain control up through Italian peninsula. turn over conquests, King Victor Emmanuel II reign.
(p) Otto von Bismarck
prime minister of Prussia/German Empire. practice realpolitik—politics based on practical matters rather than theory/ethics. military expansion. collect taxes to strengthen army. war with many countries—>create Second German Reich/Empire. advise William I.
(p) Queen Victoria
reign 1837-1901. respected for sense of duty and morals. Victorian Age. British national pride.
(p) Czar Alexander II
make severe reforms. freed serfs in emancipation edict. peasants could own land and marry freely. not very helpful. many displeased. assassinated 1881.
(pl) Piedmont
Italian nationalists focused hopes for independence here
(pl) Alsace
after Franco-Prussian War, France surrendered in 1871. cost: pay 5 bil. francs+give up provinces of Alsace and Lorraine
