Ch. 1.2 The Civilization of the Greeks

Question 1

polis

Answer 1

Greek city-state

Question 2

tyrant

Answer 2

ruler who seizes power by force and not subject to law

Question 3

democracy

Answer 3

government by the people or rule of the many

Question 4

oligarchy

Answer 4

rule by the few

Question 5

direct democracy

Answer 5

form of democracy in which citizens participated directly in decision making

Question 6

philosophy

Answer 6

organized system of thought “love of wisdom”

Question 7

Socratic method

Answer 7

Q and A format to draw out knowledge from pupils

Question 8

(a) goal

Answer 8

“Above all, the polis was a community with a common identity and common GOALS.”

Question 9

(a) adult

Answer 9

“A polis was made up of three groups: citizens with political rights (ADULT males), citizens with no political rights (women and children), and noncitizens (slaves and resident aliens).”

Question 10

(a) foundation

Answer 10

“Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle established the FOUNDATIONS of Western philosophy.”

Question 11

(p) Pericles

Answer 11

dominated Athenian politics from 461-429 BC

Question 12

(p) Socrates

Answer 12

known from pupils’ notes on him. stonemason whose true love was knowledge.

Question 13

(p) Plato

Answer 13

Socrates’s student. wrote a lot. {The Republic} ideal government: three classes 1. philosopher kings. 2. warriors. 3. everyone else.

Question 14

(p) Aristotle

Answer 14

student of Plato. three good forms of gov’t: monarchy, aristocracy, constitutional government (this is best)

Question 15

(pl) Sparta

Answer 15

Greek city-state based on military. oligarchy headed by two kings

Question 16

(pl) Athens

Answer 16

Greek city-state. flourished. ruled by king—>aristocracy—>direct democracy