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Bio 30 > Ch 4- The Reproductive System > Flashcards

Ch 4- The Reproductive System Flashcards

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0
Q

Testes secrete hormones…

A

That help shape the body as well as mental attitudes

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1
Q

Variation

A

New gene combinations

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2
Q

Testes

A

-Cryptochildish develpos if the testes do not descend

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3
Q

Epididymis

A

Surface of the testes where sperm mature and are stored prior to ejaculation.

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4
Q

Scrotum

A
  • loose pouch
  • paired testes
  • 2 degrees below body
  • cremasteric and dartos muscles: contract in responses to temp
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5
Q

Spermatic cord

A
  • muscles
  • arteries and veins
  • nerves
  • vas deferens
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6
Q

Vas Deferens

A

Tubes that transport the sperm during ejaculation

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7
Q

Vasectomy

A

The cutting of the vas Deferens is a male birth control procedure.

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8
Q

Spermatozoa

A
  • produced at a rate of millions per day
  • sperm + additives = semen
  • live 2 days in the female tract
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9
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A

Sertoli cell : FSH ~make sperm

Interstitial cells : LH

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10
Q

Urethra

A

Conducts the sperm out into the vagina

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11
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

Help make up the sperm

Also a buffer to neutralize what is in the urethra and vagina

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12
Q

Prostate gland

A

Acts like a billow during

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13
Q

Cowpeas gland

A

Secretes lubricant

Neutralize the acidic conditions inside the vagina

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14
Q

3 glands that help with ejaculation

A

Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
Coppers gland

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15
Q

Penis

A

Glans
Prepuce
Corpora cavernousa

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16
Q

Why additives need to be added to the sperm

A

1) provide nutrients
2) transport
3) neutralize the acidity

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17
Q

Primary sex organ

A

Gonads / testes- that produce sperm

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18
Q

Secondary sex ograns

A

Every thing else.

Epididymis, vas Deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, Cowper’s gland and penis

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19
Q

Balanitis

A

Inflammation of the glands penis

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20
Q

Circumcision

A

Removal of all or part of the prepuce

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21
Q

Orchitis

A

Inflammation of the testes

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22
Q

Prostalitis

A

Inflammation of he prostate gland

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23
Q

Vasectomy

A

Removal of a short section of the van Deferens (both) to produce sterility

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24
Q

Coitis

A

Copulation :animals

Intercourse: ppl

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25
Q

Impotence

A

Inability for a make to have an erection

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26
Q

Sertoli cells

A

Produce sperm cells

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27
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Making sperm

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28
Q

Cooties

A

Pubic lice

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29
Q

Ovaries

A
  • paired almond
  • contain 300000 follicles at birth
  • decline to about 12000 at puberty
  • only about 400 of these will be ovulated
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30
Q

Fimbrae

A
  • Finger like extensions off the top of the Fallopian tube

- sweep the egg into the opening of the Fallopian tube

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31
Q

Zygote

Blastocyst

A

Sperm + egg

108 cells

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32
Q

Uterus

A
  • muscular organ about the size of a fist
  • fundus
  • body
  • cervix
  • endometrium
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33
Q

Vagina

A
  • birth canal

- 10cm

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34
Q

Bartholins gland

A

Located inside the vagina

- secretes a fluid that lubricates the vagina to assist in copulation

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35
Q

Vulva

A
  • mons pubis
  • labia majora
  • labia minora
  • clitoris
36
Q

Mons pubis

A

Protective pad during colitis and contains the pubic hair

37
Q

Labia majora

A

-Pubic hair is present
-sweat glands
-other lubricating glands
Folds of skim protect the opening of the vagina

38
Q

Labia minora

A
  • no pubic hair or sweat glands

- folds also protect the opening of the vagina

39
Q

Clitoris

A

Erectile tissue as well as a protective structure

40
Q

Cervix

A
  • forms a plug during pregnancy

- 2nd most common location for cancer in females

41
Q

Mammary glands

A

-fatty deposits & glands that secrete milk through a series of tubes to the nipple

42
Q

Production of milk requires

A
  • estrogens
  • progesterones
  • prolactin

Oxytocin is necessary for milk let down

43
Q

Felp

A

Ovulation, fertilization, implantation, HCG, endometrium, estrogen, progesterone, FSH, LH, Fallopian tube, distal 1/3, fimbrae, ovum, follicle, corpus luteum, sperm, vagina, cervix, zygote, blastocyst, placenta, embryo, acrosome, uterus

44
Q

The primary sex organs of the female

A

Ovaries—–which produce the ova (egg) and store till ovulation

45
Q

Secondary sex organs are

A

Uterine tubes
Vagina
Uterus
Mammary glands

46
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Suppression or absenc of menstruation

Estrogen pills

47
Q

Bartholins adenitis

A

Inflammation of the bartholins gland

48
Q

Cesarean section

A

Extraction of fetus through the abdominal wall

C-section

49
Q

Colostrum

A

The 1st fluid secreted by the mammary glands.

Yellow, nutrients, anti body’s

50
Q

Colpectomy

A

Removal of the vagina

51
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Difficult menstruation

due to obstructions, inflammations, and certain diseases

52
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

Implantation and development of the fetus outside the uterine wall

Tubule pregnancy

53
Q

Episiotomy

A

Incision(cut) in the vulva to help in the delivery of the baby as well as prevention of lacerations (rip)

Cut instead or rip

54
Q

Gestation

A

Normal length of pregnancy

55
Q

Hysterectomy

A

Removal of the uterus

56
Q

Oophoretomy

A

Removal of the ovaries

57
Q

Pap’s smear

A

Swab cervix and endometrium for cancer

58
Q

Parturition

A

Birth of child

59
Q

Quickening

A

1st fetal movement

60
Q

Tubal ligation

A

Female sterilization
Cut oviducts
The pill
Jell injected into the Fallopian tubes

61
Q

Menopause

A

Menstruatuion ends

Age 45

62
Q

Menarche

A

The beginning of menstuation and ovulation

Age 12-13

63
Q

Epidural

A

Inhibit sensory nerve transmission during labour

64
Q

4 phase of Menstrual cycle

A

Flow or menstrual
Follicular
Ovulation
Luteal

65
Q

Flow or menstrual phase

A

Endometrium is shed
3-7 days
Ovarian follicles begin to develop

66
Q

Follicular phase

A

The building up of the endometrium
Estrogen received by the uterus
Day 7 to day 14

67
Q

Ovulation

A

Ova burst from the ovary and is swept into the oviduct by fimbrae

68
Q

Literal phase

A

After the ovary has released
Progesterone is maintaining the uterus lining
Day 15 to day 28

69
Q

Endometriosis

A

Tearing the lining go the uterus

Developing scar tissues

70
Q

How many sperm reach the oviducts and the egg?

A

Only a few hundred, even tho there is between 150 and 300 million sperm cells ejaculated

71
Q

The journey the zygote/blastocyst takes from the Fallopian tubes to the uterus takes…..

A

5 days

72
Q

When the blastocyst becomes attached to the wall of the endometrium….

A

Amnion and chorion are formed

-the chorion develops into the placenta

73
Q

A full term gestation period is ____ days from the point of fertilization.

Or counting ____ days from the start of the last menstrual cycle.

A

266

280

74
Q

A miscarriage will happen if….

A

Menstruation takes place

75
Q

Day 1 of preg

A

Egg is fertilized

76
Q

Day 3 of preg.

A

Morula stage

16 cells

77
Q

Day 6 of preg

A

Implantation in the uterine wall

78
Q

Day 14 of preg

A

Placenta forms

79
Q

Day 24 of preg

A

Heart begins to beat

80
Q

Day 30 of preg

A

Embryo is 4mm
500x heavier then egg
Month of most growth.
All major body organs start….

81
Q

Day 60 of preg

A

35mm
Appendages present
Connection with mother made

82
Q

Day 90 of preg

A

75mm

All major organs acquired

83
Q

Day 120 of preg

A

200mm

84
Q

Day 150 of preg

A

280mm

85
Q

Day 180 of preg.

A

Antibodies formed

Nutrition very important!!

86
Q

If properly cared for fetus can survive at 7,8,9

A

At 7- 10% chance
At 8- 70% chance
At 9- 95% chance

87
Q

Changes for baby in birth

A

Respiration shifts from placenta to lungs

Environment now a very major factor in survival

Bio 30 (8 decks)

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