Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Ch 4 - Musculoskeletal System (Orthopedics) > Flashcards

Ch 4 - Musculoskeletal System (Orthopedics) Flashcards

🩻

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

how are bones formed?

A

start as cartilage, blood vessels penetrated and bone cells start to replace the cartilage model (usually hardening from the center out)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

vertebrae

A

smaller bones making up the spin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the four sections of the spine?

A

1) cervical: neck
2) thoracic: chest/ upper back
3) lumbar and sacral: lower back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

bones of the forearm

A

radius and ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

femur

A

thigh bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

shin bones

A

tibia and fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

oste/o

A

bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

crani/o

A

head, skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cervic/o

A

neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lumb/o

A

loin, lower back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dactyl/o

A

finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

carp/o

A

wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cost/o

A

rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

femor/o

A

femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tars/o

A

ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

joints

A

connection points between bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

flexion

A

bending of a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

extention

A

straightening of a bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

tendons

A

hold muscle to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ligaments

A

hold bone to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cartilage

A

surrounds bones at the joints for smoother movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

bursae

A

sacks of fluid under many tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

chrondr/o

A

cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

striations

A

lines (muscle fibers appear as lines under a microscope - so skeletal muscle = striated muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

fascia

A

thick membrane surrounding skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

ton/o

A

tone, tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

kinesi/o (kinet/o)

A

movement, motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

tax/o

A

arrangement, order, coordination (taxonomy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff, bent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

costalgia

A

rib pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

metatarsalgia

A

pain in bones or footo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

ostalgia

A

bone pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

osteodynia

A

bone pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

spondylodynia

A

vertebra pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

tibialgia

A

tibia pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

ankylosis

A

joint stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

arthralgia

A

joint pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

arthrodynia

A

joint pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

cervicodynia

A

neck pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

crepitation

A

crackling sound heard in the joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

genu valgum

A

knock-kneed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

genu varum

A

bowlegged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

bradykinesia

A

slow movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

dyskinesia

A

inability to control movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

dystaxia

A

poor coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

dystonia

A

poor muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

graphospasm

A

writer’s cramp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

hyperkinesia

A

increase in muscle movement or activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

hypertonia

A

increased muscle tone or tightness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

hypokinesia

A

decrease in muscle tone or tightness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

myalgia

A

muscle pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

myasthenia

A

muscle weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

myodynia

A

muscle pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

myospasm

A

muscle spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

tenalgia

A

tendon pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

arthrocentesis

A

puncture of a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

arthroscope

A

instrument for looking into a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

arthroscopy

A

procedure for looking into a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

electromyogram

A

record of electrical activity of a muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

electromyography

A

procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

myography

A

procedure for studying muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

kyphosis

A

humped back/abnormal curvature of the upper spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

lordosis

A

sway back/abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

scoliosis

A

crooked back, abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

carpitis

A

wrist inflammation

69
Q

craniomalacia

A

abnormal softening of the skull

70
Q

exostosis

A

abnormal growth of bone out of another bone

71
Q

fracture

A

bone break

72
Q

osteodystrophy

A

poor bone development

73
Q

osteolysis

A

bone loss

74
Q

osteonecrosis

A

death of bone

75
Q

osteosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of bone

76
Q

polydactyly

A

having more than the usual number of fingers/toes

77
Q

spondylitis

A

vertebra inflammation

78
Q

spondylomalacia

A

softening of the vertebra

79
Q

syndactyly

A

fusion/webbing of fingers or toes

80
Q

tarsoptosis

A

flat feet

81
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae

82
Q

chondro-osteodystrophy

A

poor development of the bones and cartilage

83
Q

craniosynostosis

A

the premature fusing of the skull bones

84
Q

dactylitis

A

finger inflammation

85
Q

hpertrophic sponylitis

A

overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation

86
Q

osteitis

A

bone inflammation

87
Q

osteochondritis

A

inflammation of bone and cartilage

88
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta

A

(brittle bone disease) disease in which bones do not develop properly

89
Q

osteomalacia

A

softening of the bone

90
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of the bone and marrow

91
Q

osteopathy

A

bone disease

92
Q

osteopenia

A

reduction in bone volume

93
Q

osteoporosis

A

loss of bone density

94
Q

spinal stenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of the spine

95
Q

spondyloarthropathy

A

joint disease of the vertebrae

96
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

slipping or dislocation of a vertebra

97
Q

spondylolysis

A

loss of vertebra structure

98
Q

spondylosis

A

vertebra condition

99
Q

arthritis

A

joint inflammation

100
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

inflammation of the joints, symptoms resemble rheumatic fever

101
Q

septic arthritis

A

inflammation of the joints caused by infection

102
Q

osteoarthritis

A

inflammation of the joints, especially those that bear weight

103
Q

arthrocele

A

hernia of a joint

104
Q

arthrodysplasia

A

abnormal joint development

105
Q

arthropathy

A

joint disease

106
Q

arthrosclerosis

A

hardening of joints

107
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of the bursa

108
Q

bursopathy

A

disease of the bursa

109
Q

subluxation

A

partial dislocation of a joint

110
Q

chondroma

A

tumorlike growth or cartilage

111
Q

myoma

A

muscle tumor

112
Q

myosarcoma

A

cancerous muscle tumor

113
Q

osteocarcinoma

A

bone cancer tumor

114
Q

osteochondroma

A

tumor made of bone and cartilage

115
Q

osteosarcoma

A

cancerous tumor from bone cells

116
Q

analgesic

A

drug that relieves pain

117
Q

antiarthritic

A

drug that opposes joint inflammation

118
Q

anti-imflammatory

A

drug that opposes inflammation

119
Q

atripyretic

A

drug that opposes fever

120
Q

carpectomy

A

removal of all or part of wrist

121
Q

costectomy

A

removal of a rib

122
Q

craniectomy

A

removal of portion of the skull (the bone is NOT replaced)

123
Q

craniotomy

A

removal of portion of skull for surgical access (the bone is replaced)

124
Q

external fixation

A

fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (cast, splints, etc.)

125
Q

internal fixation

A

the fixation of a fractured bones from inside (pins, screws, plates)

126
Q

closed reduction

A

returning bones to proper position without use of surgery

127
Q

open reduction

A

returning bones to their place with surgery

128
Q

metacarpectomy

A

removal of bone in the hand

129
Q

osteectomy

A

removal of a bone

130
Q

osteoclasia

A

surgical breaking of a bone

131
Q

osteoplasty

A

reconstruction of a bone

132
Q

osteotomy

A

incision into a bone

133
Q

spondylosyndesis

A

fusion of multiple vertebrae

134
Q

sternotomy

A

incision into the sternum

135
Q

tarsectomy

A

removal of all or portion of ankle

136
Q

tarsoclasia

A

surgical fracture of the ankle

137
Q

arthrectomy

A

removal of a joint

138
Q

arthroclasia

A

therapeutic breaking of a bone to allow for increased mobility

139
Q

arthrodesis

A

surgical fixation of a joint

140
Q

artholysis

A

loosening a stiff joint

141
Q

arthroplasty

A

reconstruction of a joint

142
Q

arthrotomy

A

incision into a joint

143
Q

bursectomy

A

removal of a bursa

144
Q

bursotomy

A

incision into a bursa

145
Q

chondrectomy

A

removal of cartilage

146
Q

chrondroplasty

A

reconstruction of cartilage

147
Q

fasciectomy

A

removal fo fascia

148
Q

fasciodesis

A

binding of fascia

149
Q

fascioplasty

A

reconstruction of fascia

150
Q

fasciorrhaphy

A

suturing of fascia

151
Q

fasciotomy

A

incision into fascia

152
Q

myectomy

A

removal of muscle

153
Q

myodesis

A

binding of a muscle

154
Q

myomectomy

A

removal of a muscle tumor

155
Q

myoplasty

A

muscle reconstruction

156
Q

myorrhapy

A

muscle suture

157
Q

myotomy

A

incision into a muscle

158
Q

DTR

A

deep tendon reflex (hammer knee tap)

159
Q

EMG

A

electromyogram

160
Q

FROM

A

full range of motion

161
Q

NSAID

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

162
Q

OA

A

osteoarthritis

163
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction internal fixation

164
Q

PT

A

physical therapy

165
Q

RA

A

rheumatoid arthritis

166
Q

RICE

A

rest, ice, compression, elevation

167
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

168
Q

WB

A

weight bearing

169
Q

WBAT

A

weight bearing as tolerated

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions