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Medical Terminology > Ch 10 - Respiratory System (Pulmonology) > Flashcards

Ch 10 - Respiratory System (Pulmonology) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoid

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2
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsil

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3
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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4
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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5
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx (voice box)

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6
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx (throat)

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7
Q

trache/o

A

tracea (windpipe)

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8
Q

nares

A

nostrils

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9
Q

turbinates

A

tube shaped cartilege inside the nose

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10
Q

what is the purpose of the nose?

A

(1) moistens air
(2) blood vessels warm air
(3) hair filters out dust/particles
(4) mucus cleans and filters air

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11
Q

sept/o

A

septum (pl. septa)

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12
Q

pulmon/o

A

lungs

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13
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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14
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole (supplies air to the alveoli)

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15
Q

stern/o

A

sternum (breastbone)

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16
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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17
Q

hypoxemia

A

lacking oxygen in the blood

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18
Q

apnea

A

cessation of breathing

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19
Q

eupnea

A

good/normal breathing

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20
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

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21
Q

bradypnea

A

slow breathing

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22
Q

hypopnea

A

shallow breathing

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23
Q

hyperpnea

A

heaving breathing

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24
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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25
Q

orthopnea

A

able to breathe only in an upright position

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26
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

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27
Q

rhinorrhagia

A

excessive flow of blood from nose (also known as a nosebleed)

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28
Q

rhinorrhea

A

runny nose

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29
Q

auscultation

A

to hear

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30
Q

ventilation-perfusion scan

A

measures how effectively oxygen and blood reach different part of the lungs

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31
Q

cyanosis

A

blueish color of the skin caused by lack of oxygen

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32
Q

pectoriloquy

A

(literally “chest/speak”) speaking from the chest, a healthcare professional uses this as a means to find masses in the lungs

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33
Q

pectus carinatum

A

protruding chest

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34
Q

pectus excavatum

A

chest that is hollowed out

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35
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion (not/complete/expansion)

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36
Q

bronchiectasis

A

expansion of the bronchi (bronchi/expansion)

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37
Q

caseous necrosis

A

death of tissue with a cheese-like appearance

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38
Q

chyle

A

milky bodily fluid formed by the small in the small intestine during digestion of fatty foods, is carried through the body via the lymph vessels

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39
Q

chylothorax

A

chyle in the chest (chyle/chest)

40
Q

empyema

A

pus inside the chest (in/pus/condition)

41
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in the chest

42
Q

phrenoplegia

A

paralysis of the diaphragm

43
Q

phrenoptosis

A

drooping of the diaphragm

44
Q

pleura

A

membrane surrounding the lungs

45
Q

pleural effusion

A

fluid pouring out into the pleura

46
Q

pneumohemothroax

A

air and blood in the chest

47
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the chest

48
Q

pulmonary edema

A

swelling in the lungs

49
Q

pyothorax

A

pus in the chest

50
Q

tracheostenosis

A

narrowing of the trachea

51
Q

hypercapnia

A

excessive carbon dioxide

52
Q

hypercarbia

A

excessive carbon dioxide

53
Q

hypocapnia

A

insufficient carbon dioxide

54
Q

hypocarbia

A

insufficient carbon dioxide

55
Q

hypoxemia

A

insufficient oxygen in the blood

56
Q

hypoxia

A

insufficient oxygen

57
Q

capnography

A

procedure to record carbon dioxide levels

58
Q

endoscope

A

instrument to look inside

59
Q

capnometer

A

instrument to measure carbon dioxide levels

60
Q

nasopharyngoscope

A

an instrument to look at the nose and throat

61
Q

oximetry

A

procedure to measure oxygen levels

62
Q

spirometry

A

procedure to measure breathing (breathing/measuring process)

63
Q

thoracscopy

A

examination of the chest

64
Q

what parts make up the upper respiratory system?

A

1) nose
2) sinuses
3) pharynx
4) larynx

65
Q

what is the most common cause of inflammation of the upper respiratory system? (rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis)

A

infection

66
Q

what are the most common infections of the lower respiratory system?

A

bronchitis and pneumonia

67
Q

what are the most common, non-infections disorders of the respiratory system?

A

asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder

68
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

69
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis

A

(also called croup) inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi

70
Q

rhinitis

A

inflammation of the nasal passages

71
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of the sinuses

72
Q

pneumatocele

A

hernia of the lung

73
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

lung condition caused by dust (lung/dust/condition)

74
Q

pneumonia

A

lung condition

75
Q

pneumonitis

A

inflammation of the lung

76
Q

antitussive

A

drug that prevents coughing (anti/cough/agent)

77
Q

bronchodilator

A

drug that expands the walls of the bronchi

78
Q

expectorant

A

a drug that encourages the expulsion of materials from the lungs

79
Q

mucolytic

A

drug that aids in the breakdown of mucus

80
Q

nebulizer

A

a machine that administers respiratory medication by creating a cloud or mist that is inhaled

81
Q

adenoidectomy

A

removal of the adenoids

82
Q

intubate

A

inserting a tube down the mouth to the trachea to provide breathing support

83
Q

laryngectomy

A

removal of the larynx

84
Q

laryngoplasty

A

reconstruction of the larynx

85
Q

palatoplasty

A

reconstruction of the palate

86
Q

septoplasty

A

reconstruction of the septum

87
Q

ABC

A

(arterial blood gas) analysis of gases in the blood

88
Q

CBC

A

(capillary blood gas) an ABC analysis from finger prick

89
Q

ARDS

A

actute respiratory distress syndrome

90
Q

Bx

A

biopsy

91
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

92
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

93
Q

CPAP

A

continuous positive airway pressure (a treatment for apnea via face mask)

94
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

95
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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