Ch 12 - Urinary & Male Reproductive System (Urology) Flashcards
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1
Q
what is the basic working unit of the kidney?
A
nephron
2
Q
what is the function of the glomerulus?
A
blood is filtered (filtrate)
3
Q
what is the renal pelvis?
A
basin containing waste in the kidney, then drained into a bladder
4
Q
what are the ureters?
A
long vessels from each kidney leading to the bladder
5
Q
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus (pl. glomeruli)
6
Q
nephr/o
A
kidney
7
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
8
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
9
Q
ur/p
A
urine
10
Q
urin/o
A
urine
11
Q
lith/o
A
stone
12
Q
urologist
A
deal with both urinary tract problems and male genital problems
13
Q
what make up the male reproductive system?
A
testicles, epididymis, and seminiferous tubules, and prostate gland, and penis
14
Q
epididymis
A
stores sperm cells
15
Q
vas deferens
A
ducts traveling outside of the epididymis
16
Q
dysuria
A
pain with urination
17
Q
cystalgia
A
pain in the bladder
18
Q
nephralgia
A
kidney pain
19
Q
renal colic
A
severe pain that comes in waves (indicates a kidney stone)
20
Q
urethralgia
A
pain in the urethra
21
Q
incontinence, enuresis
A
inability to hold urine
22
Q
polyuria
A
frequent urination
23
Q
oliguria
A
not enough urination
24
Q
anuria
A
complete lack of urination - can indicate blockage or kidney failure
25
hematuria
blood in the urine
26
pyuria
pus in the urine
27
sperm count
tests how many sperm cells are present in semen
28
oligospermia
low sperm counts
29
aspermia or azoospermia
no sperm
30
nephrosonography
renal ultrasound
31
hydronephrosis
kidneys filled with fluid
32
intravenous pyelogram
one of the most common images of a urinary tract; done by recieving iv injection of dye and undergoing a CT scan
33
nephrolithiasis
kidney stones
34
ureterostenosis
narrowing ureter
35
ureterocele
pouch developed in a ureter
36
cystoscope
inserting a camera into the bladder
37
ureteroscope
inserting a camera into the ureter
38
urodynamic testing
watching the flow of urine
39
voiding cystourethrogram
the most commong type of urodynamic testing; done by putting dye in the bladder and watching the direction of uring
40
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea - the product of breakdown of amino acids for energy
41
diuresis
excessive urination
42
nephrologist
specialist in the kidneys
43
nephrology
study of the kidneys
44
uropoiesis
formation of urine
45
uroxanthin
substance in urine that makes it yellow
46
voiding
emptying; another term for urination
47
anorchidism
lack of a testicle
48
cryptorchidism
hidden testicle
49
hydrocele
fluid-filled mass in the testicle
50
hypospadias
birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside, instead of the end of the penis
51
phimosis
contraction of the foreskin of the penis - preventing it from being retracted
52
prostatolith
stone in the prostate
53
prostatomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the prostate
54
prostatorrhea
discharge from the prostate
55
seminoma
type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue
56
speratocele
hernia or distention of the epididymis caused by sperm cells
57
spermatolysis
destruction of sperm cells
58
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
59
cystocele
hernia of the bladder
60
cystolith
stone in the bladder
61
cystoptosis
downward displacement of the bladder
62
cystospasm
spasm in the bladder
63
cystoureteritis
inflammation of the bladder and ureter
64
cystrourethrocele
hernia of the bladder and urethra
65
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the kidneys involving primarily the glomeruli
66
glomerulopathy
disease of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli
67
glomerulosclerosis
hardening of the glomeruli
68
hydronephrosis
kidney condition caused by obstruction of urine flow
69
lithonephritis
inflammation of the kidneys caused by stones
70
nephritis
inflammation of the kidney
71
nephrocele
hernia of a kidney
72
nephrohypertrophy
overdevelopment of the kidney
73
nephrolithiasis
presence of stones in the kidney
74
nephromalacis
abnormal softening of a kidney
75
nephromegaly
abnormal enlargement of a kidney
76
nephropathy
any kidney disease
77
nephroptosis
downward displacement of the kidney
78
nephrosclerosis
abnormal hardening of a kidney
79
polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
disease characterized by the formation of may fluid filled cysts of the kidneys
80
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
81
pyelocystitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and bladder
82
pyelocystostomosis
creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and bladder
83
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
84
pyelopathy
disease of the renal pelvis
85
pyeloureterectasia
dilation of the renal pevlis and ureter
86
pyonephritis
inflammation of the kidney caused by pus
87
pyonephrolithiasis
presence of pus and stones in the kidney
88
pyopyelectasis
pus in a dilated renal pelvis
89
renal ischemia
deficiency of blood in a kidney
90
stress urinary incontinence (SUI)
loss of bladder control caused by the application of external pressure
91
ureteritis
inflammation of a ureter
92
ureteropyelitis
inflammation of the ureter and renal pelvis
93
ureteropyelonephritis
inflammation of a kidney, renal pelvis, and ureter
94
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
95
urethrocystitis
inflammation of the urethra and bladder
96
uropathy
disease of the urinary tract
97
vesicocele
hernia of the bladder
98
vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters
99
chlamydia
sti characterized by genital discharge and painful urination (caused by bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis)
100
gonorrhea
a std characterized by discharge of the gonads (caused by bacteria neisseria gonorrhoeae)
101
herpes simplex virus (HSV)
highly contagious family of viruses that effect mucous membranes and produce watery blisters that eventually scab over (HSV-1 = mouth sore, HSV-2 = genital herpes)
102
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
a disease that compromises a patients immune system
103
human paillopma virus (HPV)
a virus that can cause warts and precancerous lesions in genital areas
104
syphilis
a std characterized at first by skin irritations then later becoming a neurological and heart illness
105
trichomoniasis
a std characterized by genital itching, painful urination, and genital discharge
106
antispasmodic
drug used to prevent spasms
107
diuretic
agent that causes urination
108
spermicide
agent that kills sperm
109
spermolytic
agent that kills sperm
110
cystectomy
surgical removal of the bladder
111
cystolithectomy
surgical removal of stone in the bladder
112
cystostomy
creation of opening in the bladder
113
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
breadown of kidney stones using sound waves generated outside of the body
114
fulguration
use of electric current to destroy tissue
115
heminephrectomy
surgical removal of half a kidney
116
heminephroureterectomy
surgical removal of half and kidney and ureter
117
hemodialysis
procedure for removing waste from the bloodstream
118
intracorporeal lihotripsy
breakdown of kidney stones using a device placed inside the body
119
kidney dialysis
procedure for removing waste from the blood (shorter name for hemodialysis)
120
laparonephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen
121
lithectomy
surgical removal of a stone
122
lithcystotomy
incision into the bladder to remove a stone
123
lithonephrotomy
incision into a kidney to remove a stone
124
lithotripsy
breakdown of a stone
125
meatoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the opening of the urethra
126
meatorrhaphy
suture of the opening of the urethra
127
meatotomy
incision into the urethra
128
nephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen
129
nephrocystanastomosis
opening of a passageway between a kidney and the bladder
130
nephrolithotomy
incision into a kidney to remove a stone
131
nephropexy
surgical fixation of a kidney
132
nephrorrhaphy
suture of a kidney
133
nephrostomy
creation of an opening in a kidney
134
nephrotomy
incision into a kidney
135
nephroureterectomy
surgical removal of a kidney and ureter
136
pyelotomy
incision into a renal relvis
137
renal angioplasty
surgical reconstruction of a kidney blood vessel
138
ureteroileostomy
creation of an opening between the ureter and the ileum (portion of the small intestine)
139
ureteronephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney and ureter
140
ureteroplastic
surgical reconstruction of a ureter
141
ureterorrhaphy
suture of a ureter
142
urethrectomy
surgical removal of the urethra
143
urethropexy
surgical fixation of the urethra
144
urethroplasty
surgical reconstruction of the urethra
145
urethrotomy
incision into the urethra
146
cath
catheter
147
HD
hemodialysis
148
I&O
intake and output
149
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
150
IVU
intravenous urogram
151
KUB
kidney, ureters, bladder
152
OAB
overative bladder
153
RP
retrograde pyelogram
154
UA
urinalysis
155
VCUG
voiding cystrourethrogram
156
VUR
vesicoureteral reflux
