Ch. 4 Longevity, Health y Functioning

Question 1

average longevity

Answer 1

the age @ which half of the individuals who are born in a particular year will have died

“average life expectancy”

Question 2

maximum longevity*

Answer 2

the oldest age to which any individual of a species lives

Question 3

active life expectancy

Answer 3

living healthy y indepedent

(ie) adding life to years

Question 4

dependent life expectancy

Answer 4

living while relying on others
- living a long time

(ie) adding years to life

Question 5

genetic factors in average longevity

Answer 5

• longevity in relatives, more likely to live long too

- exposure to smoke, pollution, negative lifestyle, low SES decreases longevity

Question 6

gender differences in average longevity

Answer 6

• women live 7 years long than men (industrialized countries)
• estrogen benefit
• occupation differences (construction workers)

Question 7

health

Answer 7

state of complete physical, mental y social well-being

- not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 8

illness

Answer 8

the presence of a physical/mental disease or impairment

Question 9

changes in immune system

Answer 9

• increase risk for HIV/AIDS
• decrease fcning immune system
• chronic illness
• slower recovery from illness

Question 10

acute diseases

Answer 10

conditions that develop over a short period of time y cause a rapid change in health

(ie) cold, flu, food poisoning

Question 11

chronic diseases

Answer 11

conditions that last longer than 3 months

- may cause residual functional impairment that necessitates long-term management

Question 12

stress y coping paradigm

Answer 12

view that stress is not an environmental stimulus or as a response but as the interaction of a thinking person y an event

Question 13

appraisal

Answer 13

primary appraisal
secondary appraisal
reappraisal

Question 14

primary appraisal

Answer 14

categorizes events into 3 groups based on the significance they have for our well-being

(ie) irrelevant, benign or positive, and stressful

“filter the events we experience”

Question 15

secondary appraisal

Answer 15

evaluate our perceived ability to cope w/ harm, threat, or challenge

(ie) What can I do?
(ie) How likely is it that I can use one of my option successfully?
(ie) Will this option reduce my stress?

Question 16

reappraisal

Answer 16

making a new primary or secondary appraisal resulting from changes in the situation

(ie) dismiss wife infidelity but later acknowledge when shown pictures

Question 17

problem-focused coping

Answer 17

attempts to tackle the problem head-on

(ie) taking meds to treat disease

Question 18

emotion-focused coping

Answer 18

dealing w/ one’s feelings about the stressful event

- common in older

Question 19

common chronic conditions

Answer 19

arthritis
diabetes
cancer
incontinence
managing pain

Question 20

diabetes mellitus

Answer 20

pancreas produces insufficient insulin

• coma = too high
• unconsciousness = too low

Question 21

Type I diabetes

Answer 21

body does not make enough insulin

- insulin-dependent diabetes

Question 22

Type II diabetes

Answer 22

take in too much insulin, body can’t get rid of it fast enough
- managed through diet

Question 23

cancer

Answer 23

malignant tumor

- 2nd leading cause of death in US

Question 24

incontinence

Answer 24

inability to controll urine/fecal matter

Question 25

absorption

Answer 25

time needed for drug to enter bloodstream

Question 26

drug metabolism

Answer 26

getting rid of meds in the bloodstream via liver

Question 27

drug excretion

Answer 27

(kidneys/urine) decomposing drugs to help eliminate them