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Pharmacology Test 3 > Ch. 34 > Flashcards

Ch. 34 Flashcards

1
Q

female sex hormones

A

estrogen

progesteron

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2
Q

Pituitary gonadotropin hormones

A

FSH, and LH

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3
Q

Three major endogenous estrogens. Synthesized from cholesterol in ovarian follicles.

A

estradiol
estrone
estriol

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4
Q

Synthetic, steroidal estrogen that is administered transdermally

A

estradiol

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5
Q

Use to be used to decrease the risk of miscarriage. No longer available in the US because it often resulted in the female offspring developing cervical cancer later in life

A

diethylstilbestrol (DES)

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6
Q

Adverse Effects: nausea (most common), thrombotic events (most serious), HTN, diarrhea, edema, N/V, constipation, abd. pain, photosensitivity, and chloasma.

A

estrogens

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7
Q

hydroxyprogesterone

A

progesterone

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8
Q

medroxyprogesterone

A

progesterone

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9
Q

megestrol

A

progesterone

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10
Q

etonogestrel implant

A

progesterone

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11
Q

Indications: uterine bleeding caused by hormonal imbalance, fibroids, or uterine cancer. Tx of amenorrhea, miscarriage prevention, alleviation of PMS symptoms, and palliative Tx of some cancers.

A

progestone

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12
Q

Can be used for management of anorexia, or other causes of unexplained weight loss by stimulating appetite and promote weight gain.

A

megestrol

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13
Q

Adverse Effects: liver dsyfunction, thrombophlebitis, thromboembolitic disorders, N/V, edema, weight gain or loss.

A

progestin

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14
Q

MOA: prevent ovulation by inhibiting the release of gonadotropins and increasing uterine mucous viscosity, resulting in, decreased sperm movement, decrease likelihood of fert., and possible inhibition of implantation.

A

contraceptives

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15
Q

Adverse Effects: HTN, TE, possible PE, MI, stroke.

A

contraceptives (caused by the estrogen component)

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16
Q

Drugs the decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives

A

ATBs, barbiturates, isoniazid, rifampin

* used to treat TB or prevent infection after a person has been exposed

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17
Q

Risk factors: Caucasian/Asian descent, slender body build, early estrogen deficiency, smoking, alcohol consumption, low-calcium diet, sedenary lifestyle, family Hx.

A

osteoporosis

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18
Q

Ca supplements and Vit. D may be recommended for PTs at high risk for ______.

A

osteoporosis

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19
Q

alendronate

A

bisphosphates (Tx osteoporosis)

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20
Q

ibandronate

A

bisphosphates (Tx osteoporosis)

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21
Q

risedronate

A

bisphosphates (Tx osteoporosis)

22
Q

zoledronic acid

A

bisphosphates (Tx osteoporosis)

23
Q

raloxifene

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modifier (SERM)

24
Q

calcitonin

A

horomone

25
Q

teriparatide

A

PTH Analog

26
Q

MOA: Used to Tx osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclasts, thus preventing bone loss.

A

bisphosphonates

27
Q

MOA: Stimulate estrogen receptors on bone and increase bone density. (Tx osteoporosis)

A

SERMs

28
Q

MOA: directly inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption

A

calcitonin

29
Q

Only drug that stimulates bone formation. Is a derivative of PTH and acts similarly.

A

teriparatide

30
Q

Indications: Prevention and Tx of osteoporosis. Also used to Tx Paget’s disease (type of breast cancer).

A

bisphoshonates

31
Q

Indications: Used to Tx postmenopausal osteoporosis

A

raloxifene (drug class: SERM)

32
Q

PT teaching: PT needs to stay upright for about 30 minutes after taking drugs in this class to decrease the risk of esophageal burns

A

bisphosphates

33
Q

clomiphene

A

fertility drug

34
Q

MOA: blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus and brain, resulting in a false signal of low estrogen levels. Therefore, increases production of Gn-RH, FSH, and LH, and results in maturation of ovarian follicles (–> ovulation, and increased chance of conception)

A

clomiphene

35
Q

Mixture of FSH and LH. Stimulates development of ovarian follicles, leading to ovulation. May be given to men to stimulate spermatogenisis.

A

meotropins

36
Q

Causes rupture and ovulaion of maure ovarian follicles, and maintenance of corpus luteum.

A

chorionic gonadotropin alfa

37
Q

Used to induce labor at or near full-term gestation, and to enhance labor when contractions are weak and ineffective. Also used to prevent or Tx postpartum bleeding, promote milk production, and complete an incomplete abortion.

A

oxytocin

38
Q

oxytocin

A

uterine stimulant

39
Q

dinoprostone

A

prostaglandins

40
Q

misoprostol

A

prostaglandins

41
Q

Used to induce labor by softening the cervix and enhancing uterine muscle tone.

A

prostaglandins

42
Q

MOA: Increase force and frequency of uterine contractions, preventing uterine atony and hemorrhage. should NOT be used before delivery.

A

Ergot Alkaloids

43
Q

methylergonovine

A

Ergot Alkaloid

44
Q

mifepristone

A

Progesterone Antagonist

45
Q

Administered with a prostaglandin for elective abortions

A

mifepristone

46
Q

Uterine relaxants are also known as ________.

A

Tocolytics

47
Q

used to stop labor that occurs before term.

A

Tocolytics (Uterine Relaxants)

48
Q

Contractions that occur between the ___ and ____ week of gestation is considered premature labor.

A

20th and 37th

49
Q

This beta-adrenergic drug stimulates beta2 receptors on the uterine smooth muscle and results in relaxation of the uterus.

A

terbutaline

50
Q

magnesium sulfate IV

A

uterine relaxant

Pharmacology Test 3 (12 decks)

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