Ch 3.2 What Is Sexual Reproduction And The Diversity Of Life? Flashcards
What does meiosis produce?
Haploid daughter cells
What is fertilization?
The joining or fusing of two gametes
What is a zygote? How will it increase in size?
The first diploid cell of the offspring
The zygote gets half of its chromosomes from each parent
It will undergo cell division to increase in size
Each new cell will have the same genome as the zygote
What is diversity?
The vast amount of variation among the same species.
Why do all your classmates look different from one another?
Because of diversity which accounts for all this variation
Homologous chromosomes makes the variation among individuals of the species
What are alleles?
The different forms of the same gene
What is a dominant allele? Give an example
If a dominant allele is present on a chromosome, then it will show the trait in the persons appearance
Widows peak
What is a recessive allele? Give an example
If both chromosomes have the recessive allele, then the trait will be shown in a persons appearance
Straight hairline
What is incomplete dominance? Explain.
When two different alleles make a mixture of the traits
Carnations have 1 allele for both red and white flowers creating pink ones
What is self pollination?
Some plants can pollinate themselves
The pollen made by a flower can pollinate other flowers on the same plant
What happens after pollination of a flower?
Fertilization
The fertilized egg, or zygote, develops into a seed in the ovary of the flower
What is an example of a plant that does not have both male and female reproductive structures? Give an example
Conifers such as pine and fir trees
They have separate male and female cones on the same plant
What is external fertilization? Give an example
When the sperm and eggs unite outside the body
Aquatic animals, such as salmon or corals
Why are hundreds or even thousands of eggs and sperm made for external fertilization?
To make sure that enough gametes will unite and grow to be adults
The gametes and developing young are vulnerable to environmental factors and predators
What is internal fertilization? Give an example
When the sperm and egg unite inside the female
Some aquatic animals (sharks) and most land animals
