Ch. 3 Key Terms

Question 1

Geosphere

Answer 1

The part of the earth that contains all of the rock and soils on the Earth’s surface.

Question 2

Hydrosphere

Answer 2

All of the water near or on the Earth’s surface.

Question 3

Crust

Answer 3

composed of light elements and makes some of 1% of the Earth.

Question 4

Mantle

Answer 4

Makes up 68% of the mass of the Earth and is composed of rocks.

Question 5

Core

Answer 5

Has the greatest density and is the innermost layer of the earth.

Question 6

Lithosphere

Answer 6

The outer layer of the Earth and it’s cool and rigid.

Question 7

Asthenosphere

Answer 7

The layer beneath the lithosphere made of mantle and rock.

Question 8

Tectonic Plates

Answer 8

The dividing of the lithosphere that glide across the Earth.

Question 9

Chemical Weathering

Answer 9

Wearing down and smoothing down the area.

Question 10

Erosion

Answer 10

The transfer of materials from one area to another.

Question 11

Atmosphere

Answer 11

A mixture of gases that surround the Earth and it changes constantly.

Question 12

Troposphere

Answer 12

All of the weather occurs in this sphere.

Question 13

Stratosphere

Answer 13

Temperatures rise as altitude increases because ozone in the stratosphere absorbs the suns ultraviolet.

Question 14

Ozone

Answer 14

Reduces the amount of harmful UV radiation that reaches the Earth.

Question 15

Radiation

Answer 15

Transfer of energy in electromagnetic waves.

Question 16

Conduction

Answer 16

The transfer of energy of heat from a warmer object to a colder object in physical contact.

Question 17

Convection

Answer 17

The transfer of energy during variations of in temperature.

Question 18

Greenhouse Effect

Answer 18

The process of greenhouse gasses absorb and reradiate infared radiation near the Earth.

Question 19

Water Cycle

Answer 19

The movement from water into the air, on land, then back to water sources.

Question 20

Evaporation

Answer 20

Liquid water is heated by the sun and rises to the atmosphere as water vapor.

Question 21

Condensation

Answer 21

Water droplets are formed and rain is formed.

Question 22

Precipitation

Answer 22

The rain, snow, sleet, or hail that comes from the clouds.

Question 23

Salinity

Answer 23

The concentration of the dissolved salts in the Oceans Water.

Question 24

Fresh Water

Answer 24

3% of the Earths water, that doesn’t contain salt and is drinkable.

Question 25

Biosphere

Answer 25

The narrow layer of the Earth that life can exist.