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SFC - SATM > Ch 3: Climbing and Descending > Flashcards

Ch 3: Climbing and Descending Flashcards

1
Q

Ch 2 Rev: The ___ force acts parallel to prop shaft and balances ___ force in S + L Flight (Pg 35)

A

Thrust, Drag

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2
Q

Ch 2 Rev: The engine produces ___ and prop generates ___ (Pg 35)

A

Power, Thrust

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3
Q

Ch 2 Rev: In S + L Flight, all 4 force must be in a state of ___ (Pg 35)

A

Equilibrium

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4
Q

Ch 2 Rev: Pilot’s lift form. is the relationship between ___ and ___

A

AoA, IAS

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5
Q

Rate of Climb (RoC), + Rate of Descent (RoD) (Pg 35)

A

Rate in feet/min (fpm), at which the aeroplane climbs or descends, measure of vertical speed over time

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6
Q

Angle of Climb (AoC), + Angle or Descent (AoD) (Pg 35)

A

Angle or gradient of the flight path to the horiz, the distance the aeroplane travels vertically compared to distance it travels across ground

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7
Q

Ground Speed (Pg 35)

A

Speed of aeroplane over the ground, Airspeed +/- any wind component

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8
Q

To maintain steady climb w/ constant airspeed, _______ (Pg 36)

A

Thrust must exceed drag or the aeroplane will decelerate

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9
Q

Excess Thrust: (Pg 36)

A

Thrust in excess needed to balance drag

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10
Q

More excess thrust available = (Pg 36)

A

The steeper the aeroplane can climb

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11
Q

In a climb ____ (Pg 36)

A

Lift no longer acts equal and opposite to weight, now tiled rearwards, excess thrust needed to balance drag = need for increased lift

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12
Q

Additional toward-acting force: (Pg 36)

A

Rearward Component of Weight (RCW)

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13
Q

In steady climb at constant airspeed and direction, thrust = (Pg 36)

A

Thrust = to total drag + RCW

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14
Q

Factors affecting climb: (Pg 36)

A

Airspeed, Wind, Weight, Altitude and Temp, Flaps

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15
Q

Best Rate of Climb, Vy: (Pg 36)

A

Speed at which excess power is max.

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16
Q

Best Angle of Climb, Vx: (Pg 36)

A

Point at which excess thrust is at its max.

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17
Q

Wind affects climb… (Pg 36)

A

Angle of Climb (Vx), not Rate of Climb (Vy)

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18
Q

Weight affects climb… (Pg 36)

A

Greater the weight = greater resisting force
Both Angle (Vx) and Rate of Climb (Vy) reduce

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19
Q

Altitude and Temps affect climb… (Pg 36)

A

Thinner air at higher altitudes, and hotter temps, the engine will produce less power –> prop = less thrust
Both Angle (Vx) and Rate of Climb (Vy) reduce

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20
Q

Flaps affect climb… (Pg 36)

A

Flaps increase drag + lift, reduces amount of excess power available
Rate of Climb (Vy) is reduced

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21
Q

PA28-161 Warrior PAST Best Angle of Climb, (Vx) (Pg 37)

A

P - Full Power, A - All Sky, S - 63 kts, Trim and Balance

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22
Q

PA28-161 Warrior PAST Best Rate of Climb, (Vy) (Pg 37)

A

P - Full Power, A - Nose on Horizon, S - 79 kts, Trim and Balance

23
Q

PA28-161 Warrior PAST Cruise Climb, (Pg 37)

A

P - Full Power, A - Slightly lower than Vy, S - 87 kts (500 fpm), Trim and Balance

24
Q

PA 28-181 Archer PAST Best Angle of Climb, (Vx) (Pg 37)

A

P - Full Power, A - All Sky, S - 64 kts, Trim and Balance

25
Q

PA 28-181 Archer PAST Best Rate of Climb, (Vy) (Pg 37)

A

P - Full Power, A - Nose on horizon, S - 76 kts, Trim and Balance

26
Q

PA 28-181 Archer PAST Cruise Climb (Pg 37)

A

P - Full Power, A - Slightly lower than Vy, S - 87 kts (500 fpm), Trim and Balance

27
Q

If IAS is greater than req. ____ (Pg 37)

A

Nose attitude = too low

28
Q

If IAS is too low, ___ (Pg 37)

A

Nose attitude = too high

29
Q

To ensure effective lookout, (Pg 37)

A

Nose must be lowered to NC attitude every 500ft

30
Q

Exit = AASPT

A

A - by 10% of RoC on VSI ~ 50ft, A - Back to S + L ~ NC, S - allow to decelerate to cruise speed, P - Once speed passes 90 kts, can be reduced to cruise setting, Trim as req.

31
Q

If power reduced to idle, drag force = unbalanced, if S + L maintained, will decelerate = only 3 forces acting (Pg 38) (GLIDE DESCENT)

A

Lift (tilted forward), weight and drag (no longer balanced w/ thrust)

32
Q

As AC tilts forward, weight now acts…. (Pg 38) (GLIDE DESCENT)

A

In direction of Flightpath = Forward Component of Weight (FCW) balances drag

33
Q

For glide descent to commence… (Pg 38)

A

Nose attitude must be adjusted to adopt glide speed that provides best L/D ratio ~ 1/3 grnd

34
Q

Attitude controls airspeed in… (Pg 38)

A

Glide Descent

35
Q

While FCW still acting in Powered descent… (Pg 38)

A

Once power is increased, the increase in thrust = increase in total drag

36
Q

Factors affecting descent: (Pg 39)

A

Airspeed, Power, Wind, Weight, Flaps

37
Q

Airspeed affects descent (GLIDE).. (Pg 39)

A

Steady glide descent = maintained at AoA that = best L/D Ratio
Best Glide range in nil wind
Anything other than optimal = -ve affect

38
Q

Airspeed affects descent (POWERED) (Pg 39)

A

Any adjustment = alter relationship of power + attitude
Increased Airspeed = increased lift = tendency to pitch-up

39
Q

Power affects descent… (Pg 39)

A

Addition of power req. reduction in nose-down pitch attitude = decreasing RoD + AoD

40
Q

Wind affects descent… (Pg 39)

A

AoD, but not RoD

41
Q

Weight affects descent … (Pg 39)

A

FCW = pulling into path quicker
To maintain steady powered descent, less power = req.

42
Q

Weight affects GLIDE descent … (Pg 39)

A

Must maintain nominated airspeed = best L/D AoA (remains same for all weight)
Decrease in weight = reduce amount acting along flightpath, will travel at slower airspeed along AoD

43
Q

Flaps affect descent… (Pg 39)

A

Use of flaps, can maintain slower approach speed
Pitch needs to be lowered to allow greater amount of weight to overcome increased drag
At constant Airspeed, will increase AoD + RoD

44
Q

PA 28-161 Warrior PAST Glide Descent (Pg 40)

A

P - Idle, A - 1/3 grnd, S - 73 kts, Trim and Balance

45
Q

PA 28-161 Warrior PAST Cruise Descent (Pg 40)

A

P - 2100 RPM, A - 1/3 grnd, S - 95 kts (500fpm), Trim and Balance

46
Q

PA 28-161 Warrior PAST Approach Descent (Pg 40)

A

P - 1500 RPM (2 stg Flaps), A - 1/3 grnd, S - 75 kts, Trim and Balance

47
Q

PA28-181 Archer PAST Glide Descent (Pg 40)

A

P - Idle, A - 1/3 grnd, S - 76 kts, Trim and Balance

48
Q

PA28-181 Archer PAST Cruise Descent (Pg 40)

A

P - 2100 RPM, A - 1/3 grnd, S - 105kts (500fpm), Trim and Balance

49
Q

PA28-181 Archer PAST Approach Descent (Pg 40)

A

P - 1500RPM, A - 1/3 grnd, S - 75 kts, Trim and Balance

50
Q

Changes in power and attitude = (Pg 40)

A

Change speed and descent path

51
Q

In glide descent, power at idle ____ controls airspeed (Pg 40)

A

Stabliator

52
Q

Engine must be warmed every…. (Pg 40)

A

1000ft, by increasing power to 2000RPM for ~ 4secs

53
Q

Engine warming prevents… (Pg 40)

A

Potential fouling of spark plugs + excessive engine temp fluctuations

54
Q

Situational Awareness - Descent (Pg 41)

A

Min height AGL legally allowed to descend;
- 500ft above non-pop. areas, 300m horizontal separation from highest obstacle
- 1000ft above pop. areas, 600m horizontal separation from highest obstacle

SFC - SATM (12 decks)

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