Ch 26 exam 3 Flashcards
Mesozoic era importance
cycads and conifers dominate landscapes
cretaceous era importance
flowering plants diversify
Jurassic period importance
flowering plants appear
permian period importance
gymnosperm forests replace lycophyte and fern forests
carboniferous era importance
first gymnosperms, forests of seedless vascular plants dominate swampy lands
Devonian period
first seed plants
silurian period
first vascular plants
ordovician period
first land plants
sporopollenin
in pollen walls protects pollen grains
pollination
transfer of a pollen to a part of the see plant that contains the ovule
Gymnosperms characteristics
-‘naked seed’
-trachids
-dominant sporophyte
-heterosporous
-monecious or diecious
Gymnosperm phyla:
Coniferophyta
Cycadophyta
Gnetophyta
Ginkophyta
Angio sperm phyla:
Anthophyta
Coniferophyta
confiers - cone bearers
Cycadophyta
cycads- fern/palm like fronds
FLAGELLATED SPERM
Ginkgophyta
ginkgos
FLAGELLATED SPERM
Gnetophyta
male & female strobili
tropics, deserts
double fertilization
-2 SPERM NUCLEI
one fuses with egg to form zygote (2n)
double fertilization
-2 SPERM NUCLEI
one fuses with egg to form zygote (2n)
one fuses with 2* central nuclei, forming endosperm (3n) food supply in seed (fruit)
Cotyledons: monocot vs eudicot
monocot: one cotyledon
dicot: two
Leaf veins: monocot vs eudicot
monocot: parallel
dicot: vein netlikes
Stem: monocot vs eudicot
mono: tissues scattered
di: arranged in ring
roots: monocot vs eudicot
mono: root system fibrous
di: taproot
pollen: monocot vs eudicot
mono: pollen grains with one opening
di: pollen grains with three openings
flowers: monocot vs eudicot
mono: three petals (multiples)
di: four or five petals (multiples)
fruit formation
mature ovary of flower, thickens around seeds
