Ch. 25

Question 1

Harry Hess discovered a system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys called…

Answer 1

Mid-Ocean Ridge

Question 2

A long, narrow depression is called…

Answer 2

Rift Valley

Question 3

The boundary where two plates collide is called…

Answer 3

Convergent Plate Boundary

Question 4

When a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate, the denser plate dives beneath the continent in a process called…

Answer 4

Subduction

Question 5

The boundary between two plates that are moving apart is called a…

Answer 5

Divergent Plate Boundary

Question 6

A type of boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions is called a…

Answer 6

Transform Plate Boundary

Question 7

Sudden movement or vibrations of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in earth’s crust is a…

Answer 7

Earthquake

Question 8

A crack in Earth’s crust along which rock has moved is a…

Answer 8

Fault

Question 9

Sudden release of strain energy as rocks move along a fault is called

Answer 9

Elastic Rebound

Question 10

The point of origin of an earthquake is called a…

Answer 10

Focus

Question 11

The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus is called the…

Answer 11

Epicenter

Question 12

Who came up with the Continental Drift hypothesis?

Answer 12

Alfred Wegener

Question 13

What are some evidence from the Continental Drift hypothesis?

Answer 13

1. The coastlines match up like a puzzle piece
2. Mountain ranges with the same rock type lined up
3. Large land animal fossils found

Question 14

What was the name of the supercontinent?

Answer 14

Pangea

Question 15

Who came up with the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis?

Answer 15

Harry Hess

Question 16

How did Harry Hess discover the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis?

Answer 16

Sonar

Question 17

Who discovered the MOR or Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Answer 17

Harry Hess

Question 18

On the ocean floor where is younger/newer rock formed?

Answer 18

Closer to the MOR

Question 19

What are the three types of plate boundaries?

Answer 19

Divergent, Convergent, and Transform

Question 20

How do Convergent Plate Boundaries move?

Answer 20

They collide together

Question 21

Subduction only happens with what type of plate boundary?

Answer 21

Convergent

Question 22

What types of crust do we have?

Answer 22

Continental Crust and Oceanic Crust

Question 23

Which type of crust has to be present for a volcanic eruption to occur?

Answer 23

Oceanic Crust

Question 24

If two continental crust converge what will be created?

Answer 24

A mountain

Question 25

If oceanic and continental crust converge what two landforms will be created?

Answer 25

Deep Sea Trench and Volcanoes

Question 26

What can be created when two oceanic plates collide ?

Answer 26

Volcanic Islands or Deep Sea trench

Question 27

What do hotspots create?

Answer 27

Volcanic islands

Question 28

How do divergent plate boundaries move?

Answer 28

They divide apart or move away from each other

Question 29

What are examples of a divergent plate boundary?

Answer 29

MOR(in water)-only oceanic crust | East African Rift (on land)-only continental crust

Question 30

How do transform plate boundaries move?

Answer 30

They slide horizontally past each other

Question 31

What is an example of a transform plate boundary?

Answer 31

The San-Andres Fault

Question 32

What types of crust are involved in transform plate boundary?

Answer 32

Only continental

Question 33

What is a convection current?

Answer 33

1. Magma heats up, becomes less dense, and rises | 2. Magma cools, becomes more dense, and sinks

Question 34

Which plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes?

Answer 34

Divergent and Transform

Question 35

Which plate boundary has deeper earthquakes?

Answer 35

Convergent

Question 36

What are the four types of stress applied to rock that causes earthquakes?

Answer 36

1. Compression Stress 2. Tension Stress 3. Shear Stress 4. Torsion Stress

Question 37

What are the two types of deformation?

Answer 37

Elastic and Plastic

Question 38

What happens during elastic deformation?

Answer 38

When stress is removed it returns to its original shape

Question 39

What happened during plastic deformation?

Answer 39

When stress is removed it stays in the new shape

Question 40

How many types of seismic waves are there?

Answer 40

Three: Primary waves, Secondary Waves, surface waves

Question 41

What are the two types of body waves?

Answer 41

P-waves (primary) and S-waves (secondary)

Question 42

What type of wave is a primary wave?

Answer 42

Compression

Question 43

Which body wave moves the fastest?

Answer 43

Primary

Question 44

What type of materials do P-waves travel through?

Answer 44

Solids and Liquids

Question 45

What kind of wave is a secondary wave?

Answer 45

Transversal

Question 46

What kind of materials do S-waves travel through?

Answer 46

Only solids

Question 47

What type of waves do the most damage?

Answer 47

Surface

Question 48

What are two scales to measure earthquakes?

Answer 48

Richter and Mercalli Scale

Question 49

What does the Richter scale measure?

Answer 49

Amount of energy released

Question 50

What does the Mercalli scale measures?

Answer 50

Amount of damage