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Physical Science > 27.3 > Flashcards

27.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the percentage of water on Earth is salt water?

A

97%

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2
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is freshwater?

A

3%

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3
Q

Where is the majority of freshwater found?

A

glaciers

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4
Q

What is the smaller percentage of freshwater found?

A

lakes, rivers, and stored as ground water

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5
Q

What is precipitation is?

A

When water vapor cools and condenses

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6
Q

What is runoff?

A

Water running off a land surface

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7
Q

What is infiltration?

A

Waters enters Earths and becomes groundwater

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8
Q

What is transpiration?

A

Plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through leaves

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9
Q

What is evaporation?

A

When water enters the atmosphere as water vapor

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10
Q

What is condensation?

A

Water vapor collides with other water vapors

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11
Q

What is the water cycle?

A

when water on land goes into the atmosphere and then returns back to Earth

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12
Q

What is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

A porous area where water passes easily

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13
Q

What is a saturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

Where water completely fills the pore space

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14
Q

What is a water table?

A

The upper boundary of the saturated zone

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15
Q

What does it mean if sediment is permeable?

A

The more permeable sediment is the easier water can pass through

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16
Q

What is the aquifer?

A

a rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space

17
Q

What’s the name of the Great Plains Aquifer?

A

Ogallala Aquifer

18
Q

How many states does the Great Plains Aquifer run through?

A

Eight

19
Q

What are the names of the states that the Great Plains Aquifer runs through?

A

South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Texas

20
Q

What is an aquitard?

A

keep water confined e.x. Shale layers

21
Q

How are water springs formed?

A

Where the water table naturally meets Earth’s surface

22
Q

What is an artesian well?

A

when we drill into a pressurized aquifer

23
Q

What is a cone of depression?

A

The direction that water flows directed down towards the well

24
Q

The process of assigning an exact numerical age to an organism, object, or event

A

Absolute Dating

25
Q

The process of placing objects or events in their proper order in time.

A

Relative dating

26
Q

States that the laws of nature operate today as they have in the past

A

Uniformitarianism

27
Q

States that in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rock layers, the youngest rocks will be at the top and the oldest will be at the bottom

A

Principle of superposition

28
Q

Gaps in the rock record during which either erosion occurred or deposition was absent

A

Unconformity

29
Q

The remains or traces of organisms found in the geologic rock record

A

Fossil

Physical Science (8 decks)

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