ch. 2.5 Flashcards
Adobe
Sun-dried clay brick
Basic Load-Bearing Construction
Direct process, piling one stone or brick on top of another
Post-and-Lintel Construction
To create an interior space, an architect must create a span, or a distance between two supports•In basic post-and-lintel construction the lintel rests on top of two posts
Hypostyle hall
a room created by using a series of columns to support a flat ceiling
Corbeled
Babylonians, Mycenaeans
Rounded
perfected by the Romans
Vaults
A vault is an arch that has been extended like a long hallway to create an open space overhead
Barrel vaults
accommodated large numbers of visitors
Flying Buttresses
external support to allowed taller buildings and large stained-glass windows
Stained Glass Windows
were designed to bathed worshipers in divine light
Pointed Arches, Rib Vaults
were designed to make worshipers feel lifted up toward heaven
Domes
Structurally, a dome is like an arch rotated 360 degrees on its vertical axis•Very strong structure•Can span large areas because the weight is dispersed outward toward the walls
Neoclassicism
mid-18th century
Cast-Iron Architecture
Cast iron has been available since ancient times•Molten iron can be cast in a mold to almost any shape•It was not until the 18th century that it could be smelted in large quantities for building
Steel-Frame Construction
Steel is a material made from iron and a small quantity of carbon•Stronger than pure iron and had even greater potential
