Ch 24 MSK Flashcards
Tendons attach ____ to ____
skeletal muscle + bone
Ligaments run directly from ____ to ____ and function to _____
fibrous bands connecting bone to bone
strengthen joint
prevent movement in undesirable direction
Inversion: moving sole of foot ____ at ankle
Eversion: moving sole of foot ___ at ankle
Inversion: inward
Eversion: outward
Vertebrae: ___ in total
\_\_cervical \_\_thoracic \_\_thoracic \_\_lumbar \_\_sacral \_\_coccygeal
33
7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 3-4 coccygeal
Vertebral landmarks:
C7-T1
base of neck
Vertebral landmarks:
T7-T8
inferior angle of scapula
Vertebral landmarks
L4
highest point on iliac crest
Vertebral landmarks
sacrum
line that joins symmetrical dimples over PSIS (posterior superior iliac spine)
Cervical and lumbar spines are ____ curves
Thoracic and sacrococcygeal are ____ curves
Cervical and lumbar: concave
Thoracic and sacrococcygeal: convex
Elbow:
medial and lateral epicondyles of _____ (bone)
olecranon process of ____ (bone)
Ulnar nerve runs between olecranon and ____ epicondyle
humerus
ulna
ulnar nerve: between olecranon and medial epicondyle
Knee:
cruciate ligaments: provide ___ stability and help control ____
collateral ligaments: provide ___ stability and help prevent ____
cruciate: provide anterior/posterior stability
- control rotation
collateral: provide medial/lateral stability
- prevent dislocation
Foot:
____ joint allow inversion and eversion of foot
Subtalar
To prevent osteoporosis:
calcium intake of ___mg for adults 50+
vit D intake of ____ IU for healthy adults 19-50, ____ IU for adults 50+ or with risk factors
Calcium: 1200 mg
vit D: 400-1000 IU for healthy adults up to 50, 800-2000 IU for 50+ or with risk factors
Rheumatoid arthritis:
- pain is worse in ____
- movement makes pain ____
pain worse in AM
movement makes pain better
Osteoarthritis:
- pain is worse in ____
- movement makes pain _____
pain worse later in day
movement makes pain worse
Articular disease (eg arthritis): limits _______ROM in ____planes
Extra-articular disease (eg injury to tendon/ligament/nerve): limits ______ ROM in ____ planes
Articular: active and passive ROM in all planes
Extra-articular: ROM in only certain planes esp active motion
Moving jaw forward, laterally against resistance and opening mouth against resistance tests cranial nerve ____
five (trigeminal)
shoulder shrug and cervical flexion against resistance tests cranial nerve ____
XI (spinal nerve)
Positive Tinel’s sign:
- percussion over ___nerve causes _____
- occurs with _______
median nerve, causes burning and tingling
-carpal tunnel syndrome
How do you perform bulge sign?
What does it test for?
Stroke medial aspect of knee 2-3x, tap lateral aspect and watch medial side for fluid wave bulge
-detects very small amt of fluid in suprapatellar pouch
Positive McMurray tests indicates:
torn meniscus
To measure true leg length: measure from ____ to ____
measure from ASIS to medial malleolus
Ankylosing spondylitis
-affects ___, ____ and ____
spine, sacroiliac and large joints
Drop arm test:
- arm is _____ at shoulder
- inability to hold up arm indicates ______
passive abduction
-torn rotator cuff
Adhesive capsulitis:
- inability to _____
- limited ____ and _____
inability to reach overhead
limited abduction and external rotation
Tennis Elbow
pain at ____ epicondyle
radiates down ____ surface of forearm
-from excessive ___ and ____ with extended wrist
lateral epicondyle
- flexor surface of forearm
- excessive supination and pronation
Dupuytren’s Contracture
-hyperplasia of ____ causes flexion contractures in which fingers?
common in:
- gender
- age
- co-morbidities?
hyperplasia of palmar fascia
-flexion contractures of D4 –> D5 –> D3
common in men
40+
diabetes, epilepsy, alcoholic liver
Heberden nodes are at ____ interphalageal joint
Bouchard nodes are at _____ interphalangeal joint
occurs in _____
Heberden: DIP
Bouchards: PIP
osteoarthritis
Osgood-Schlatter:
-pain swelling of _____ from repeated stress on ____ tendon
most common in
- gender
- age
- worse with
tibial tubercle
repeated stress on patellar tendon
most common in
- boys
- puberty (rapid growth)
- worse with kicking, running, stairs, biking, kneeling
Scoliosis is a ____ curvature of thoracic and lumbar spine
Functional scoliosis is ____ (flexible/fixed?)
- obvious on ____ (position)
- disappears with ____ (position)
Structural scoliosis is ____ (flexible/fixed)?
-rib hump in _____ (position)
lateral curvature
functional scoliosis is flexible
-obvious on standing, disappears on forward bending
structural scoliosis is fixed
-rib hump in forward flexion
Lumbar herniation is most common in interspaces
____ and _____
L4-L5
L5-S1
