CH 23: anus, rectum, prostate

Question 1

Internal anal sphincters are under ___ control by ____ nervous system

Answer 1

involuntary

autonomic

Question 2

Anal columns are folds of mucosa that extend from rectum and end in ________

Answer 2

anorectal junction aka dentate line

Question 3

Prostate gland lies in front of ____ and behind _____.

Function?

has two lobes separated by groove called_____

Answer 3

lies in front of anterior rectal wall
lies behind symphysis pubis

Function: secretes alkaline fluid to boost sperm viability

lobes are separated by median sulcus

Question 4

Seminal vesicles secrete fluid rich in ____ which functions to ________

Answer 4

fructose

-nourish sperm, contains prostaglandins

Question 5

constipation is defined by ___ or fewer stools per week

Answer 5

3

Question 6

define dyschezia

Answer 6

pain with defecation

Question 7

clay-coloured stool indicates _____

Answer 7

absence of bile salts eg obstructive jaundice

Question 8

Soluble fibre will lower ______

Insoluble fibre will lower ______

Answer 8

Soluble (eg beans, prunes, broccoli) lower cholesterol

Insoluble (bran, cereal) lower risk for colon cancer

Question 9

Benign prostate hypertrophy

signs and symptoms

Answer 9

S: urinary frequency, urgency, hesitancy, straining, weak stream, incomplete emptying, nocturia

O: symmetrical nontender enlargement
smooth, rubbery and firm

Question 10

Prostatitis

signs and symptoms

Answer 10

S: fever, chills, urinary frequency and urgency, dysuria, urethral discharge. Pain in perineal and rectal area

O: in acute: exquisitely tender! feels asymmetrical

Question 11

Prostate carcinoma

signs and symptoms

Answer 11

S: frequency, nocturia, weak stream, dysuria, hesitancy

• hematuria
• continuous pain to lower back, pelvis, thighs

O: hard nodule on posterior surface –> eventually entire gland feels stone hard and fixed, median sulcus not palpable