CH. 24 HEMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES Flashcards
the commonly used blood classification system, based on the antigens present or absent in the blood
ABO system
a vasoocclusive crisis that can be associated with pneumonia; common signs and systems include chest pain fever and cough associated with sickle cell disease
acute chest pain syndrome
a condition in which red blood cells become trapped in the spleen causing a dramatic fall in hemoglobin available in the circulation occurring in infants and toddlers
acute splenic sequestration syndrome
a lower than normal hemoglobin or erythrocyte level
anemia
molecules in the body that react against foreign antigens in the body
antibodies
substances identified as foreign to the body
antigens
a temporary stop in the production of red blood cells and may occur as a result of sickle cell disease
aplastic crisis
a type of disease in which the body identifies its own antigen as a foreign body and activates the inflammatory system sending out antibodies to destroy the antigen
autoimmune disease
the immune process in which macrophages and T cells attack and destroy pathogens or foreign substances
cell mediated immunity
the term that refers to the process by which clotting factors work together to form fibrin
clotting cascade
substances in the blood that are necessary for clotting; called coagulation factors
clotting factors
clotting of blood
coagulation
any type of bleeding disorder that interferes with the activation or continuation of the clotting cascade or hemostasis
coagulopathy
a life threatening condition commonly found in severe trauma
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
red blood cells
erthyrocytes
the proportion of RBCs in total blood volume
hematocrit
any disorder of the blood
hematologic disorder
the system that includes all blood components and the organs involved in their development and production
hematopoietic system
the iron rich protein in the blood that carries oxygen
hemoglobin
a condition in which red blood cells break down quickly and may result due to sickle cell disease
hemolytic crisis
a disorder relating to the breakdown of RBCs
hemolytic disorder
a bleeding disorder that is hereditary in which clotting does to occur or occurs insufficiently
hemophilia
the body’s natural blood clotting mechanism
hemostasis
a bleeding and clotting abnormality
hemostatic disorder
the immune process in which antibodies recognize foreign antigens and stimulate an attack on the foreign body
humoral immunity
the most common type of anemia in which iron stores are low or lacking and serum iron concentration is low
iron deficiency anemia
cancer or malignancy of the blood forming organs, particularly affecting the WBCs that develop abnormally and or excessively at the expense of normal blood cells
leukemia
white blood cells
leukocytes
a reduction in the number of WBCs
leukopenia
lymphocytes transformed because of stimulation by an antigen
lymphoblasts
the system is primarily made up of the bone marrow lymph nodes and spleen that participates in formation of lymphocytes and immune responses
lymphoid system
