CH. 24 HEMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES

Question 1

the commonly used blood classification system, based on the antigens present or absent in the blood

Answer 1

ABO system

Question 2

a vasoocclusive crisis that can be associated with pneumonia; common signs and systems include chest pain fever and cough associated with sickle cell disease

Answer 2

acute chest pain syndrome

Question 3

a condition in which red blood cells become trapped in the spleen causing a dramatic fall in hemoglobin available in the circulation occurring in infants and toddlers

Answer 3

acute splenic sequestration syndrome

Question 4

a lower than normal hemoglobin or erythrocyte level

Answer 4

anemia

Question 5

molecules in the body that react against foreign antigens in the body

Answer 5

antibodies

Question 6

substances identified as foreign to the body

Answer 6

antigens

Question 7

a temporary stop in the production of red blood cells and may occur as a result of sickle cell disease

Answer 7

aplastic crisis

Question 8

a type of disease in which the body identifies its own antigen as a foreign body and activates the inflammatory system sending out antibodies to destroy the antigen

Answer 8

autoimmune disease

Question 9

the immune process in which macrophages and T cells attack and destroy pathogens or foreign substances

Answer 9

cell mediated immunity

Question 10

the term that refers to the process by which clotting factors work together to form fibrin

Answer 10

clotting cascade

Question 11

substances in the blood that are necessary for clotting; called coagulation factors

Answer 11

clotting factors

Question 12

clotting of blood

Answer 12

coagulation

Question 13

any type of bleeding disorder that interferes with the activation or continuation of the clotting cascade or hemostasis

Answer 13

coagulopathy

Question 14

a life threatening condition commonly found in severe trauma

Answer 14

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 15

red blood cells

Answer 15

erthyrocytes

Question 16

the proportion of RBCs in total blood volume

Answer 16

hematocrit

Question 17

any disorder of the blood

Answer 17

hematologic disorder

Question 18

the system that includes all blood components and the organs involved in their development and production

Answer 18

hematopoietic system

Question 19

the iron rich protein in the blood that carries oxygen

Answer 19

hemoglobin

Question 20

a condition in which red blood cells break down quickly and may result due to sickle cell disease

Answer 20

hemolytic crisis

Question 21

a disorder relating to the breakdown of RBCs

Answer 21

hemolytic disorder

Question 22

a bleeding disorder that is hereditary in which clotting does to occur or occurs insufficiently

Answer 22

hemophilia

Question 23

the body’s natural blood clotting mechanism

Answer 23

hemostasis

Question 24

a bleeding and clotting abnormality

Answer 24

hemostatic disorder

Question 25

the immune process in which antibodies recognize foreign antigens and stimulate an attack on the foreign body

Answer 25

humoral immunity

Question 26

the most common type of anemia in which iron stores are low or lacking and serum iron concentration is low

Answer 26

iron deficiency anemia

Question 27

cancer or malignancy of the blood forming organs, particularly affecting the WBCs that develop abnormally and or excessively at the expense of normal blood cells

Answer 27

leukemia

Question 28

white blood cells

Answer 28

leukocytes

Question 29

a reduction in the number of WBCs

Answer 29

leukopenia

Question 30

lymphocytes transformed because of stimulation by an antigen

Answer 30

lymphoblasts

Question 31

the system is primarily made up of the bone marrow lymph nodes and spleen that participates in formation of lymphocytes and immune responses

Answer 31

lymphoid system