Ch 22

Question 1

Describe Germany under Kaiser Wilhelm I I

Answer 1

Bismarck was dismissed
Wilhelm built a needle fleet to rival the British Navy
Germany was eager to flex its muscles expand and demonstrate its strength to the older established nations of Europe.

Question 2

Which three nations formed the triple alliance? What three nations formed the triple Entante?

Answer 2

Germany Austria-Hungary and Italy

England France and Russia

Question 3

What event to sparked the beginning of World War I in 1914?

Answer 3

The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife in Sarajevo by a Serbian revolutionist

Question 4

Why did England declare war on Germany?

Answer 4

Germany disregarded the English request to leave Belgium neutral. Instead Germany marched through Belgium to attack Paris France. They called the 1939 treaty showing their neutrality a “scrap of paper”

Question 5

What did Winston Churchhill do to prepare the British fleet for work?

Answer 5

He built friendly relations with Germany and modernized an expanded the British Navy and developed the Navy’s first Air Force

Question 6

What group became known as the Allied powers? The Central Powers?

Answer 6

Allies were England, France and Russia

Central Powers were Austria-Hungary, Germany and Italy

Question 7

Why did Italy refuse to aid the triple alliance? What role did Italy end up playing in the war?

Answer 7

The triple alliance was attacking not defending themselves so Italy decided to remain neutral. Eventually Italy ended up being on the side of the allies.

Question 8

Identify these things

Answer 8

Modernism
Revolutionary nationalism
Victor Emmanuelle the second
Rome
Pressure
Kaiser
Era of Bismarck

Question 9

Who led Prussia in the unification of Germany?

Answer 9

Auto von Bismarck

Question 10

Name some important battles on the Western front. What was the most important naval battle of the war?

Answer 10

The battle of the Marne
Battle of Ypres
Battle of Verdune
The battle of Somme
The battle of Jutland – the most important naval battle of World War I.

Question 11

What took place in Russia in February 1917? In October 1917?

Answer 11

The Russian Revolution in February 1917

The Bolshevik Revolution in October 1917

Question 12

What did the armistice on the Eastern front allowed Germany to do?

Answer 12

Allowed Germany to concentrate it’s forces and fighting the Western front

Question 13

Who was Lawrence of Arabia? Who captured Jerusalem for the allies and when?

Answer 13

British Colonel TE Lawrence. He led Arab revolts against Turkish rule in the Arabian Peninsula
British troops under General Allenby captured Jerusalem in December 1917.

Question 14

Give three important reasons why the United States was drawn to the Allied cause.

Answer 14

Without the Allies winning, the US would not get a return on their money for what they had loaned the Allies

There was a growing pro English and anti-German sentiment.

German Tierney over its own people and other people of Western Europe was incompatible with American ideals of dignity and rights of mankind

Question 15

What tragedy cause the United States to demand of the termination of Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare?

Answer 15

The sinking of the Lusitania

Question 16

When did America declare war on Germany? How did American aid insure an Allied victory

Answer 16

April 6, 1917

American manpower, weapons, economic resources, and food supplies insured an Allied victory

Question 17

When was an armistice signed by Germany? Where was it signed question

Answer 17

November 11, 1918 in a railcar in France

Question 18

What US President wanted to establish a league of Nations? What were the specified aims of the league?

Answer 18

Woodrow Wilson

To guarantee international cooperation and to achieve international peace and security

Question 19

What were the three main provisions of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 19

German territorial losses, demilitarization of Germany,

reparation an admission of guilt by Germany

Question 20

How did the peace of Paris affect the nations involved? What new nations were created?

Answer 20

All of the Central Powers were forced to give up land.

Austria and Hungary became separate nations.

The following nations were enlarged: Serbia, Belgium, Italy, Greece, and Romania

New nations that were created were: Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Czechoslovakia

Question 21

What was the only World War I Victor not to join the League of Nations?

Answer 21

America

Question 22

Identify these things

Answer 22

Trenches
Western front
Paul von Hindenburg
 Vladimir Lenin
Submarines
Zimmerman note
Doughboys
Ferdinand Foch
Airplanes
Zepplins
"Big Four"

Question 23

How did Russia get its name?

Answer 23

It was named after Vikings:the Russus. Land of Rus.

Question 24

What title did Ivan the Terrible take? What new class of people did he create in Russia?

Answer 24

Czar

Serfs

Question 25

Who founded the Romanov dynasty? How long did it last?

Answer 25

Michael Romanov

300 years ending in 1917

Question 26

What does our strongly desire to that Russia become westernized? What port city did he build on the Baltic Sea?

Answer 26

Peter the Great (1689-1725)

St. Petersburg

Question 27

What czar set up the Russian secret police?

Answer 27

Czar Nicholas I

Question 28

Which Czar was known as the Czar liberator? Why? How did he die?

Answer 28

Alexander I I
He was known as liberator because in 1861 he supposedly “freed” the serfs.
He was assassinated in 1881

Question 29

What did Carl Marx believed about history? What did he want people to believe about democracy?

Answer 29

He said history is a record of class struggle between the wealthy and the poor and blamed private property as the source of the conflict.

He wanted them to believe that the bourgeoisie middle class and wealthier capitalists got rich off the back of the labor of the poor. He said representative government in capitalist countries was just a “committee of the bourgeoisie”

Question 30

Why did Mark suppose capitalism? What economic system did he favor in stead? How did you describe the rise of the perfect communist state?

Answer 30

He said capitalism had ppl who owned companies and got rich(er) as a result of poor people laboring for them.

He favored socialism. Government ownership and control of everything. This would happen when the “proletariat” would overthrow the bourgeoisie who controlled the government.

He said in communism the state would wither away and there would come into being a stateless, classless, perfect condition, beyond Socialism :Communism. Man would no longer feel the need for religion which he thought of as the “opiate of the people.”

Question 31

What did Marx call religion? Explain. How did he misunderstand Christianity?

Answer 31

The “opiate of the people”. He thought ppl were addicted to something that just made them feel good to endure the present, but that their hope in the future was futile.

Christianity does help a person get through hard times, but the hope in the future is REAL hope of being with the Savior who died for us. And a relationship with Christ is the only true way to be happy.

Question 32

What are Marxist to most famous works? Briefly describe each

Answer 32

The Communist manifesto. This pamphlet laid out a program for Communist Revolution with the following measures: the abolition of private property,

the redistribution of wealth through heavy progressive income taxes,

a centralized Federal Bank,

government control of all means of communication and transportation,

government ownership of all means of production and I’ll natural resources,

the abolition of unemployment through social welfare programs,

the redistribution of the population from cities in earlier is in vice versa,

and mandatory state-sponsored and state-supported education.

Das Kapital

It is a theoretical foundation for coming last ideology.
He applied Darwin’s idea of evolution to political theories trying to give them a “scientific” basis. He argued that if a man is the product of biological evolution, communism was the ultimate product of social evolution I wish the human race would achieve perfection.

Question 33

Where did the first complete triumph of marks as ideas come? What had paved the way for the acceptance of communism there?

Answer 33

Russia

Centuries of autocratic extremism had pave the way for revolutionary extremism leading to communism

Question 34

Identify these things

Answer 34

Slavs
Kiev
Vladimir the Saint
Mongols
Moscow
Ivan III
Russian Orthodox Church
Catherine the great
Alexander III
Bourgeoisie 
Proletariat 
Communism
Friedrich Engels
First International

Question 35

Describe Russia at the time of czar Nicholas I I

Answer 35

He ruled as he pleased well other countries are adopting modern ideas about politics and progressively making a prison democracy the basis of their men’s. Russia was still in the middle ages and most Russians live like funeral service. Resistance to this are began to grow.

Question 36

How did czar Nicholas II lose prestige?

Answer 36

In the rest so Japanese war Russia lost by trying to expand too far.

In the October revolt those are crushed and uprising of Russian workers who demanded reform.

Question 37

Describe the effects of World War I on Russia

Answer 37

The war effort was being handled by incompetent people in the world went badly for Russia. Economy tanked, crops failed, millions starved. Food riots erupted in 1917. Soldiers sent to break up the crowds joined them in the uprising themselves.

Question 38

Who led the Bolshevik Revolution? How did he encourage unrest in Russia?

Answer 38

Vladimir Lenin

He spread propaganda and created a Bolshevik Parliamentary force known as the red guards to stir up trouble.

Question 39

What kind of state did Lenin establish? What type of government did the bolsheviks overthrow?

Answer 39

Communist Totalitarian State
The Bolsheviks overthrew not the czar but a basically democratic government that was trying to protect individual freedom. They did this to force, violence, and the power of persuasion.

Question 40

How did Lennon force communism on the Russian people?

Answer 40

He created a secret police organization called the Cheka to bring Russian people under communism by arrest, torture, or death.

Question 41

List five major changes Lenin made to establish his communist regime.

Answer 41

The government seized all land.

The government nationalized all banks and major industries.

The government forced all workers to join communist – controlled trade unions and denied them the right to strike.

The government rationed all food and consumer goods and suppressed private trade.

The government confiscated all church lands.

Question 42

How did the communists use education?

Answer 42

Linen knew that by controlling the minds of students he could raise up a generation of loyal communists. Communist principles were drilled into the heads of students who were taught that capitalism and religion are evil.

Question 43

When did Lenin create the Soviet union and why?

Answer 43

December 1922

Creating the USSR was done to bring all of the non-Russian nationalities under one centralized communist regime.

Question 44

What to chief rivals struggled for power after linens death? Who won the struggle and what became of his rival?

Answer 44

Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin one and deposed Trotsky in 1927. Trotsky fled to Mexico and was murdered in 1940 by a communist assassin.

Question 45

How did Stalin deal with opposition?

Answer 45

He crushed it. He did not tolerate any.

Question 46

What was the result of Stalin’s forced collectivization of Russian agriculture?

Answer 46

All the crops were to be yielded to the Soviet government for distribution. Russian farmers resented the confiscation of their lands, and many burned their crops rather than surrender them. Coming as troops and police crushed all opposition. Millions of peasants were driven from their lands and killed or exiled to Siberia.

Question 47

Identify these things

Answer 47

October manifesto
Provisional government
Bolsheviks
Cheka
White Russians
Red Russians 
Third international
New economic policy
Kremlin
Five year plan
Great Purge