Ch. 20 (School Age Child) Flashcards
What is the age range for school aged children?
6-12 years old
Where are school aged children on Erik Erikson’s theory?
industry (full mastery of whatever child is doing) versus inferiority (repeated failures to tasks, little encouragement & trust from figures)
What are some characteristics for growth and development for school age children?
- BP values still lower than adults
- growth rate slowes even more (2 in/yr, still 4-6 lbs/yr)
- nervous system matures
- better coordination & balance
- loses ~4 primary teeth/yr
- menarche - 11-15yrs old (around the same age as mother)
When do growth spurts occur for schol aged children?
girls - 10 yr
boys - 12 yr
What are common illness for school aged children?
- upper respiratory infections (URI)
- group A strep throat
- gastroenteritis (stomach bugs)
- otitis media (ear infections)
poor hand hygiene, consistent exposures, no sense of avoiding sick peeps
When does menarche start?
11-15 years old (around the same age as mother)
menarche is becoming earlier over the years
What are common symptoms of group A strep throat?
- fever
- sore throat
diagnosed through throat culture/swab - treated w/antibotics
transmission through close personal contact
What happens when group A strep throat is left untreated?
rheumatic fever
group B is less serious (symptoms are same, treatment the same)
What ethnic groups are more at risk for hypertension?
- african americans
- hispanics
What is the incidence of asthma in school aged children compared to adults?
more rapid rate
What are some effects of asthma in school aged children?
- many missed school days
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What triggers asthma?
- mold
- allergies
- tobacco use
- pollution (intercity children are at higher risk)
- respiratory infections
What is the treatment for asthma in school aged children?
- nebullizer
- inhalers
What are some potential causes of asthma in school aged children?
- infections
- exercises
- weather
- stress
- genetics
- allergens
- respiratory infections
What are the immunizations for school aged children?
- meningococcal vaccination (11-12yr)
- hepatitis B series
- HPV
- varicella
- annual flu
- DTAP booster
How often should school aged children be seen by their primary healthcare provider?
every 2 years (ideally every year)
What are the oral health characteristics for school age children?
- begin losing primary teeth (6-7 yrs)
- average loss of 4 primary teeth (per year)
- all primary teeth should be lost by 2nd molars (11-13 yrs)
- wisdom teeth erupt (17-22 yrs)
- cavities is more chronic in children (5-17 yrs) & low SES (more prevalent in asthma)
What are nutritional guidelines for school age children?
- average of 1200-1600 calories/day
- need to eat more iron, calcium, & vitamin C
What are factors influencing food intake in school age children?
- access to food
- mass media influence
- contemporary busy lifestyle
- culture (higher in hispanic, african and native americans)
What are the normal elimination characteristics for a school age child?
- enuresis (involuntary urination when voluntary should be present - considered variation of normal develop. in school age child)
- encopresis (voluntary/involuntary passing of stool after 4 yrs)
How long should school age children be sleeping at night?
8-12 hrs
What are some common sleep disturbances present in school age children?
- sleep walking
- sleep talking
Why does sleepwalking occur? Is it concerning?
- unknown but maybe maturity of CNS/sleep-wake cycle
- not super concerning
- safety can be a concern
What should a parent do if their school age child is sleepwalking?
gently redirect child back to bed
