Ch 2 - Managing Stress and Well-Being

Question 1

Arguments

Answer 1

An activity that is both low in importance and low in urgency

Question 2

Customer complaints

Answer 2

An example of an activity that is high in urgency and high in importance.

Question 3

Planning

Answer 3

An activity that is low in urgency and high in importance.

Question 4

A ringing telephone

Answer 4

An example of an activity that is high in urgency and low in importance.

Question 5

Relaxation techniques

Answer 5

Relaxation techniques

Imagery and fantasy: Use visualization to change the focus of one’s thoughts. It involves the recollections of sounds, smells, and textures.

Muscle relaxation: A temporary stress-reduction techniques involves easing the tension in successive muscle groups. Each muscle group is tightened for 5–10 seconds and then completely relaxed, starting in the feet and progressing up the body.

Deep breathing: Done by taking several successive slow, deep breaths, holding them for 5 seconds, and exhaling completely.

The rehearsal technique: A relaxation technique of trying out stressful scenarios and alternative reactions.

Question 6

The rehearsal technique

Answer 6

The rehearsal technique: A relaxation technique of trying out stressful scenarios and alternative reactions.

Question 7

Imagery and fantasy

Answer 7

Imagery and fantasy: A relaxation technique. Use visualization to change the focus of one’s thoughts. It involves the recollections of sounds, smells, and textures.

Question 8

Muscle relaxation

Answer 8

Muscle relaxation: A temporary stress-reduction techniques involves easing the tension in successive muscle groups. Each muscle group is tightened for 5–10 seconds and then completely relaxed, starting in the feet and progressing up the body.

Question 9

Deep breathing

Answer 9

Deep breathing: Done by taking several successive slow, deep breaths, holding them for 5 seconds, and exhaling completely.

Question 10

Stress management strategies

Answer 10

Manage stress
Reactive strategy: A method for managing stress that copes with the stressors immediately, temporarily reducing their effects.
Proactive strategy: A method for managing stress that initiates action in order to resist the negative effects of stress.
Enactive strategy: A method for managing stress that creates a new environment by eliminating stressors.

Question 11

Reactive strategy

Answer 11

Reactive strategy: A method for managing stress that copes with the stressors immediately, temporarily reducing their effects.

Question 12

Proactive strategy

Answer 12

Proactive strategy: A method for managing stress that initiates action in order to resist the negative effects of stress.

Question 13

Enactive strategy

Answer 13

Enactive strategy: A method for managing stress that creates a new environment by eliminating stressors.

Question 14

Ways to redesign work

Answer 14

Ways to redesign work

Task identify: Assembling an entire component from start to finish, rather than doing separate tasks as on an assembly line

Skill variety: The opportunity to use multiple skills in performing work.

Task significance: The opportunity to see the impact of the work being performed.

Autonomy: The opportunity to choose how and when the work will be done.

Feedback: The opportunity to receive information on the success of task accomplishment

Question 15

Task identify

Answer 15

Task identify: Assembling an entire component from start to finish, rather than doing separate tasks as on an assembly line

Question 16

Skill variety

Answer 16

Skill variety: The opportunity to use multiple skills in performing work.

Question 17

Task significance

Answer 17

Task significance: The opportunity to see the impact of the work being performed.

Question 18

Autonomy

Answer 18

Autonomy: The opportunity to choose how and when the work will be done.

Question 19

Stressors

Answer 19

Stressors

Anticipatory stressors: They stem from the anxious expectation of unfamiliar, uncertain, or disagreeable events. Include unpleasant things that have not yet happened, but might happen. Ex) XXXXX
Setting goals is an effective way to eliminate an anticipatory stressor.

Situational stressors: They arise from an individual’s environment or circumstances, such as unfavorable working conditions. Ex) Unfavorable working conditions, Rapid change.
Work redesign eliminates a situational stressor.

Encounter stressors: They result from interpersonal conflict. Ex) Role conflict
Emotional intelligence eliminates an encounter stressor.

Time stressors: They are generally caused by having too much to do in too little time.
Delegation eliminates a time stressor. Ex) Work overload

Question 20

Anticipatory stressors

Answer 20

Anticipatory stressors: They stem from the anxious expectation of unfamiliar, uncertain, or disagreeable events. Include unpleasant things that have not yet happened, but might happen. Ex) XXXXX

Setting goals is an effective way to eliminate an anticipatory stressor.

Question 21

Situational stressors

Answer 21

Situational stressors: They arise from an individual’s environment or circumstances, such as unfavorable working conditions. Ex) Unfavorable working conditions, Rapid change.

Work redesign eliminates a situational stressor.

Question 22

Encounter stressors

Answer 22

Encounter stressors: They result from interpersonal conflict. Ex) Role conflict

Emotional intelligence eliminates an encounter stressor.

Question 23

Time stressors

Answer 23

Time stressors: They are generally caused by having too much to do in too little time.

Delegation eliminates a time stressor. Ex) Work overload

Question 24

Life balance

Answer 24

Life balance: The development of resilience in all areas of one’s life in order to handle stress than cannot be eliminated

Question 25

Resiliency

Answer 25

Resiliency: One’s capacity to cope with stress.

Includes:
Psychological
Social
Wellbeing

Question 26

Reframing

Answer 26

Reframing: A stress-reduction technique of redefining a situation as manageable.

Question 27

A stressor

Answer 27

A stressor: A stimulus that can cause physiological and psychological reactions in individuals.

Includes:
Anticipatory
Encounter
Time
Situational

Question 28

Model of Force Field Analysis

Answer 28

An individual’s current level of functioning can be defined by the forces of stressors on one side and the forces of coping mechanisms on the other side.

Stressors have driving forces
Coping mechanisms have restraining forces

Question 29

Reactions to stress

Answer 29

Physiological and psychological reactions

Question 30

Four key sources of stress

Answer 30

Time stressors

• Work overload
• Lack of control

Encounter stressors

• Role conflicts
• Issue conflicts
• actions conflicts

Situational stressors

• Unfavourable working conditions
• Rapid change

Anticipatory stressors

• Unpleasant expectations
• Fear

Question 31

Management strategies for Time stressors

Answer 31

Effective time management

Efficient time management

Question 32

Management strategies for Encounter stressors

Answer 32

Building community

Contributing

Emotional and social intelligence

Question 33

Management strategies for Situational stressors

Answer 33

Work redesign

Question 34

Management strategies for Anticipatory stressors

Answer 34

Goal setting

Small wins

Question 35

Determining time use

Answer 35

Consider urgency and importance

High urgency and importance

• crises
• customers complaints

Low urgency and importance
- escapes
- routines
arguments
> delegate these whenever able

High importance, but low urgency
- developmental opportunities
- innovating
- planning
> focus on scheduling time for these

High urgency, but low importance

• emails or texts
• ringing telephones
• unscheduled interruptions

Question 36

Building community

Answer 36

An important factor in eliminating encounter stress. Feeling part of a closely-knit community or accepted by someone else is a stress reliever.

Question 37

Contributing

Answer 37

People set two types of goals: achievement goals and contribution goals. Setting contributions goals lead to more learning and development, higher levels of interpersonal trust, more supportive relationships, and less stress

Question 38

Emotional and social intelligence

Answer 38

Being able to recognize and control one’s own emotions (personal) and recognize and respond appropriately to the emotions of others (social) helps people manage their stress.

Question 39

Combine tasks

Answer 39

When individuals are able to work on a whole project and perform a variety of related tasks, rather than being restricted to one, they are more satisfied and committed.