Ch. 18 Review Flashcards
What is the composition of blood?
Blood is a liquid connective tissue comprised of formed elements suspended in liquid (plasma), with fibers (fibrin) that become insoluble (visible) during clotting.
Formed elements include cells and cell fragments.
What are the three layers that form when blood is spun down in a centrifuge?
- Plasma
- Hematocrit (RBCs)
- Buffy coat (WBCs and platelets)
List the three functions of blood.
- Distribution
- Regulation (Maintenance of body homeostasis)
- Protection
What is function of blood related to distribution?
Transporting O2 from lungs to other body tissues
Transporting waste CO2 (20%) from tissues back to the lungs
Distributing basic biological macromolecules (carbs, lipids, proteins) nutrients, and hormones
What is one function of blood related to regulation?
Maintain body temperature (absorb and spread heat)
Maintain tissue pH (his body’s alkaline sink for carbonate)
Maintain body fluid volume and circulatory system
What is one function of blood related to protection?
Prevent blood loss (clotting)
Prevent infection and disease (antibodies, leukocytes)
What is the function of water in plasma?
Solvent for carrying solutes in blood
What role do electrolytes play in plasma?
Help maintain plasma osmotic pressure and normal blood pH
What is the function of albumin in plasma?
Carrier molecule for many insoluble substances found in blood; helps maintain osmotic pressure
What substances are transported by blood nutrients?
Substances absorbed from the digestive tract: transported to all areas of the body for energy needs
What are the respiratory gases carried in blood?
O2 and CO2 -O2 is picked in the lungs and transported to all cells of the body for use in cellular respiration
CO2 is a waste gas picked up at body cells and transported to the lungs for exhalation
What function do hormones play in plasma.
Steroid and thyroid hormones are carried by proteins in the plasma- hormones modulate the behavior of other cells
Which formed elements are found in blood?
- White blood cells
- Red blood cells
- Platelets
Which type of blood cell makes up 98% of all formed elements?
RBCs
Which blood component contains hemoglobin?
RBCs
Which blood component have a nucleus
WBC’s
Which blood component are cell fragments
platelets
Which blood component have no nuclei
RBC’s Platelets
Which blood component contain hemoglobin?
RBC’s
Which blood component are involved in the immune response
WBC’s
Which blood component are involved in hemostasis
Platelets
Which blood component(s) arise from a hematopoietic stem cell
WBC’s, RBC’s, platelets
Which blood component arise from myeloid stem cell line?
WBC’s, RBC’s Platelets