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Human Physiology - BIO 3322 > CH. 18 - Renal System > Flashcards

CH. 18 - Renal System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Detrusor muscle

A

smooth muscle of urinary bladder

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2
Q

External urethral orifice

A

opening of the urethra to the outside of the body

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3
Q

external urethral sphincter

A

skeletal muscle ring in the urogenital diaphragm; under voluntary control

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4
Q

Hilus

A

indentation on medial side of kidney; attachment site of ureter and vessels

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5
Q

Internal urethral orifice

A

opening from the urinary bladder into the urethra

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6
Q

Internal urethral sphincter

A

smooth muscle ring at the base of the urinary bladder; under autonomic control

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7
Q

Kidney

A

major blood filtering organ; right kidney is slightly more inferior than left kidney

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8
Q

Major calyx

A

located between the minor calyx and renal pelvis

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9
Q

Membranous urethra

A

passes through the urogenital diaphragm

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10
Q

Minor calyx

A

receives urine from a renal papilla

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11
Q

Prostatic urethra

A

only in males; passes through the prostate gland

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12
Q

Renal capsule

A

dense connective tissue covering of a kidney

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13
Q

Renal cortex

A

outer portion of kidney

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14
Q

Renal medulla

A

deeper portion of kidney

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15
Q

Renal papilla

A

projection into a minor calyx; receives urine from collecting ducts

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16
Q

Renal pelvis

A

cavity in kidney that collects urine from all nephrons

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17
Q

Renal pyramid

A

traingular region in kidney; site of collecting ducts

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18
Q

Spongy urethra (penile urethra)

A

only in males; passes through the penis

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19
Q

Trigone

A

region at the base of the urinary bladder; inlcudes openings of the ureters and urethra

20
Q

Ureters

A

smooth muscle tubes that transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder

21
Q

Urethra

A

tube that transports urine from the bladder to the outside

22
Q

urinary bladder

A

smooth muscle organ that stores urine

23
Q

Urogenital diaphragm

A

skeletal muscles that form base of pelvic cavity

24
Q

Afferent arteriole

A

transports blood from an interlobular artery into the glomerulus

25
Q

Arcuate artery

A

Transports blood from an interlobar artery to a cortical radiate artery

26
Q

Arcuate vein

A

transports blood from a cortical radiate vein to an interlobar vein

27
Q

Cortical radiate artery (interlobular arteries)

A

transports blood from an arcuate artery to an afferent arteriole

28
Q

Cortical radiate vein (interlobular veins)

A

transports blood from a peritubular capillary to an arcuate vein

29
Q

Efferent artieriole

A

transports blood from the glomerulus to peritubular capillaries

30
Q

Interlobar artery

A

transports blood from a segmental artery to an arcuate artery

31
Q

Interlobar vein

A

transports blood from an arcuate vein to the renal vein

32
Q

Peritubular capillary

A

Transports blood around a nephron and to a cortical radiate vein

33
Q

Renal artery

A

transports blood from the aorta to a segmental artery

34
Q

Renal vein

A

transports blood from an interlobar vein to the inferior vena cava

35
Q

Segmental artery

A

transports blood from the renal artery to an interlobar artery

36
Q

Vasa recta

A

peritubular capillaries that surround the nephron loop of a juxtamedullary nephron; transports blood from peritubular capillaries into cortical radiate veins

37
Q

Ascending limb

A

transports filtrate toward the renal cortex from the nephron loop

38
Q

Collecting duct

A

Drains urine from nephrons; between DCT and minor calyx

39
Q

Convoluted nephron

A

in renal cortex

40
Q

Descending limb

A

transports filtrate toward the renal pelvis from the PCT

41
Q

Glomerular capsule

A

Bowman’s capsule; collects filtrate from glomerulus

42
Q

Glomerulus

A

Ball of capillaries within renal corpuscle

43
Q

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

A

union of afferent arteriole and distal convoluted tubule; releases renin and erythropoietin

44
Q

Juxtamedullary nephron

A

Nephron with nephron loops deep in the medulla

45
Q

Nephron loop (Loop of Henle)

A

connection between the descending and ascending limbs

46
Q

Pedicel

A

spider shaped cell around a glomerular capillary

47
Q

Renal corpuscle

A

glomerular capsule and the glomerulus together

Human Physiology - BIO 3322 (14 decks)

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