CH 16 Flashcards
Autism
A developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age 3, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. Other characteristics often associated with autism are engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to sensory experiences.
Deaf-blindness
Concomitant hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational problems that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness.
Deafness
A hearing impairment so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
Developmental delay
or children ages 3 through 9, a state and local education agency (LEA) may choose to include as an eligible “child with a disability” a child who is experiencing developmental delays in one or more of the following areas: physical development; cognitive development; communication development; social or emotional development; adaptive development.
Emotional disturbance
A condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects a child’s educational performance:
Hearing impairment
An impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance but which is not included under the definition of deafness in this section.
High-prevalence disabilities
Classifications of disabilities that are frequently first diagnosed at public school, including learning disabilities, autism, intellectual disabilities, emotional disturbances, speech and language impairments, and other health impairment.
Intellectual disability
Significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period that adversely affects a child’s performance.
learning disability
A categorical condition considered important for providing legal protections and entitlements. Under IDEA 2004, SLD is defined as “a disorder of one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language, spoken or written, which disorder may manifest itself in [the] imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations
Low-prevalence disability
Classifications of disabilities that are frequently first diagnosed by a medical professional before the child enters school, including traumatic brain injury; deaf-blindness; and multiple, orthopedic, visual, and hearing impairments.
Multiple diisabilities
Concomitant impairments (such as intellectual disability–orthopedic impairment) the combination of which causes such severe educational problems that the problems cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments. The term does not include deaf–blindness.
Orthopedic impairment
A severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. The term includes impairments caused by congenital anomaly (e.g., clubfoot, absence of some member), impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis), and impairments from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or burns that cause contractures).
Other Health Impariment
Having limited strength, vitality, or alertness due to chronic or acute health problems, such as a heart condition, tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, nephritis, asthma, sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, epilepsy, lead poisoning, leukemia, or diabetes, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
Speech or language impairment
A communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
Traumatic brain injury
An acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment or both, and that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
