Ch 16 Flashcards
breakdown of blood
3/5 plasma
2/5 cellular elements
plasma is composed of
-water
-ions
-organic molecules
-trace elements and vitamins
-gases
cellular elements include
-RBC
-WBC
-platelets
organic molecules include
amino acids
proteins
glucose
lipids
nitrogenous waste
blood makes up what percentage of total body weight
7%
white blood cells include
lymphocytes
monocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
plasma proteins originate from
the liver
albumins function
major contributors to colloid osmotic pressure of plasma; carriers for various substances
globulins function
clotting factor, enzymes, antibodies, carriers for various substances
fibrinogen function
forms fibrin threads essential to blood clotting
transferrin function
iron transport
plasma = plasma proteins + _____
interstitial fluid
red blood cells are also called
erythrocytes
platelets split off from
megakaryocytes
monocytes develop into
macrophages
phagocytes include
monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils
granulocytes include
neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils
tissue basophils are called
mast cells
half life of RBC
4 months
cytokines involved in hematopoiesis
erythropoietin
thrombopoietin
interleukins
ratio of RBC to plasma is called
hematocrit
features of mature RBC
no nucleus, no ER, no mitochondria;
cannot generate ATP or protein synthesis
the shape of RBC is
biconcave
the disk-like structure of RBC allows them to modify their shape in response to
osmotic changes
iron comes from
diet
function of bilirubin
product of hemoglobin to be excreted in bile
megakaryocytes are
giant cells with multiple copies of DNA in the nucleus
platelets aggregates into
platelet plug
features of platelets
10 day life-span
always present, but may not be active unless damage occurs
damage to wall of blood vessels results
collagen exposed
tissue factor exposed
coagulation intrinsic cascade
starts with collagen exposure
involves protein XII
coagulation extrinsic cascade
tissue damage
involves protein III
creation of thrombin enzyme
converts fibrinogen to fibrin
