Ch 16

Question 1

breakdown of blood

Answer 1

3/5 plasma
2/5 cellular elements

Question 2

plasma is composed of

Answer 2

-water
-ions
-organic molecules
-trace elements and vitamins
-gases

Question 3

cellular elements include

Answer 3

-RBC
-WBC
-platelets

Question 4

organic molecules include

Answer 4

amino acids
proteins
glucose
lipids
nitrogenous waste

Question 5

blood makes up what percentage of total body weight

Answer 5

7%

Question 6

white blood cells include

Answer 6

lymphocytes
monocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils

Question 7

plasma proteins originate from

Answer 7

the liver

Question 8

albumins function

Answer 8

major contributors to colloid osmotic pressure of plasma; carriers for various substances

Question 9

globulins function

Answer 9

clotting factor, enzymes, antibodies, carriers for various substances

Question 10

fibrinogen function

Answer 10

forms fibrin threads essential to blood clotting

Question 11

transferrin function

Answer 11

iron transport

Question 12

plasma = plasma proteins + _____

Answer 12

interstitial fluid

Question 13

red blood cells are also called

Answer 13

erythrocytes

Question 14

platelets split off from

Answer 14

megakaryocytes

Question 15

monocytes develop into

Answer 15

macrophages

Question 15

phagocytes include

Answer 15

monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils

Question 16

granulocytes include

Answer 16

neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils

Question 17

tissue basophils are called

Answer 17

mast cells

Question 18

half life of RBC

Answer 18

4 months

Question 19

cytokines involved in hematopoiesis

Answer 19

erythropoietin
thrombopoietin
interleukins

Question 20

ratio of RBC to plasma is called

Answer 20

hematocrit

Question 21

features of mature RBC

Answer 21

no nucleus, no ER, no mitochondria;
cannot generate ATP or protein synthesis

Question 22

the shape of RBC is

Answer 22

biconcave

Question 23

the disk-like structure of RBC allows them to modify their shape in response to

Answer 23

osmotic changes

Question 24

iron comes from

Answer 24

diet

Question 25

function of bilirubin

Answer 25

product of hemoglobin to be excreted in bile

Question 26

megakaryocytes are

Answer 26

giant cells with multiple copies of DNA in the nucleus

Question 27

platelets aggregates into

Answer 27

platelet plug

Question 28

features of platelets

Answer 28

10 day life-span
always present, but may not be active unless damage occurs

Question 29

damage to wall of blood vessels results

Answer 29

collagen exposed
tissue factor exposed

Question 30

coagulation intrinsic cascade

Answer 30

starts with collagen exposure
involves protein XII

Question 31

coagulation extrinsic cascade

Answer 31

tissue damage
involves protein III
creation of thrombin enzyme
converts fibrinogen to fibrin