Ch. 15 Effective Groups and Teams Flashcards

1
Q

What is a self managed work team?

A

a group of employees who supervise their own activities and monitor the quality of the goods and services they provide

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2
Q

What is a formal group?

A

a group that managers set to achieve org. goals

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3
Q

What is an informal group?

A

a group that managers or non managerial employees form to help achieve their own goals or meet their own needs

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4
Q

What is a top management team?

A

a group composed of the CEO, pres., and the heads of the most important departments

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5
Q

What is a research and development team?

A

a team whose members have the expertise and experience needed to develop new products

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6
Q

What is a command group?

A

a group composed of subordinates who report to the same supervisor; also called department or unit

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7
Q

What is a task force?

A

a committee of managers or non managerial employees from various divisions or departments who meet to solve a specific problem; also called ad hoc committee

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8
Q

What is a virtual team?

A

a team whose members rarely meet face-to-face but, rather, interact by using various forms of info tech such as email telephone fax

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9
Q

What is the principal advantage of a virtual team?

A

enables managers to disregard distance and form teams whose members have knowledge, expertise, and experience to tackle a particular problem or take advantage of a specific opportunity

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10
Q

What are synchronous technologies?

A

they let virtual team members communicate and interact with one another in real time simultaneously

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11
Q

What are asynchronous technologies?

A

they delay communication such as email and websites

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12
Q

What is a friendship group?

A

an informal group composed of employees who enjoy one another’s company and socialize together

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13
Q

What is an interest group?

A

an informal group composed of employees seeking to achieve a common goal related to their membership in an organization

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14
Q

What are group dynamics?

A

group size, tasks, and roles. dynamics affect the effectiveness of a group

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15
Q

What is division of labor?

A

splitting the work to be performed into particular tasks and assigning tasks to individual workers

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16
Q

What are some characteristics of a small group?

A

(1) interact more with each other and find it easier to coordinate their efforts (2) more motivated, committed, and satisfied (3) easier to share info (4) easier to see the importance of their personal contributions

17
Q

What is a disadvantage of a small group?

A

there are fewer resources available to accomplish their goals

18
Q

What are the advantages of a large group?

A

more resources (knowledge, expertise, skills, time and effort) and they allow for the division of labor

19
Q

What are the disadvantages of a large group?

A

problems of communication, lower levels of motivation satisfaction and commitment, harder to coordinate activities, and members may not see the importance of their involvement or contribution to the group

20
Q

What are the three determinants that a group is too large?

A

(1) members spend more time communicating what they know to others rather then actually applying their knowledge to solve problems and create new products (2) individual productivity decreases (3) group performance suffers

21
Q

What is task interdependence?

A

the degree to which the work performed by one member of a group influences the work performed by other members

22
Q

What are the stages of group development?

A
  1. forming 2. storming 3. norming 4. performing 5. adjourning
23
Q

What is forming?

A

members try to get to know one another and reach a common understanding of goals and expected behaviors

24
Q

What is storming?

A

groups experience conflict and disagreements

25
Q

What is norming?

A

ties between group members form, and feelings of friendship and camaraderie emerge

26
Q

What is performing?

A

the real work of the group gets accomplished

27
Q

What is adjourning?

A

only for groups that will disband, this is when the group is dispersed

28
Q

What are group norms?

A

shared guidelines or rules of behavior that most members follow

29
Q

What are the three reasons for conformity?

A

(1) to obtain rewards and avoid punishments (2) to imitate members whom you like and admire (3) internalized the norm and believe its the right and proper way to behave

30
Q

What are the three ways a group could respond to deviance?

A

(1) might try to change the deviant ways, try to convince to conform, ignore or punish the deviant (2) expel the member (3) change the norm to be consistent with the members behavior

31
Q

Why do groups attempt to encourage a balance of conformity and deviance?

A

there must be a balance to maintain function within the group, if there is complete conformity work will not be done. if there is too much deviance no one will agree on anything and the task will still not be completed

32
Q

What is group cohesiveness?

A

the degree to which members are attracted to or loyal to their group

33
Q

What are the consequences of group cohesiveness?

A

(1) the level of participation will increase as cohesiveness increases, to a certain extent, and then more time will be spent socially than working (2) members may conform to norms when they are not functional (3) emphasis on group goals may become more important than the organizations goals

34
Q

What is social loafing?

A

the tendency of individuals to put forth less effort when they work in groups than when they work alone

35
Q

What are the steps to reduce social loafing?

A

(1) make individual contributions identifiable (2) emphasize the valuable contributions of individual members (3) keep group size at an appropriate level

36
Q

What are the four ways teams can contribute to group effectiveness?

A

(1) enhance performance (2) increase responsiveness to customers (3) increase innovation (4) increase motivation and satisfaction