ch 15 Flashcards
how to know if a baby its ready for solid foods
Head and neck control
Can sit up with support
Tongue thrust has diminished
typical age a baby is ready for solid foods
6 months, some 4
how to introduce solid foods
Start with iron fortified cereal mixed with breastmilk or formula
Pureed meats, veggies, fruits
Introduce foods one at a time with a few days between
Gradually increase texture and variety
Pureed, mashed, lumpy, choppy
Progression is important
at one year a baby can now:
Can mostly eat what the family eats
Start whole cow’s milk
Switch to 1% or skim at age 2
No more than 3 cups/day
Honey now okay
supplements for babies
Vitamin K: shot at birth
Vitamin D: all exclusively breastfed infants (better for a baby to have supplement than sun) (vitamin D drops for baby)
Iron: supplement at 4 months for breastfed babies until iron-fortified cereals/meats introduced
Fluoride: possibly at 6 months
Vitamin K
shot at birth
vitamin D
all exclusively breastfed infants (better for a baby to have supplement than sun) (vitamin D drops for baby)
iron
supplement at 4 months for breastfed babies until iron-fortified cereals/meats introduced
flouride
possible at 6 months
childhood obesity: what is looked at?
BMI percentile charts used (top 5% obese, lowest 5% underweight)
Must stay on the curve
components of achieving a healthy weight
Eating
Activity
Behavior
recommendations for achieving a healthy weight
Eat breakfast every day
Eat more fruits and veggies
Limit sugar sweetened drinks
Limit frequency of meals outside home
physical activity recommendations
Be active 60 min a day
No more than 2 hours screen time daily
Encourage family to be active together
behavior recommendations
Have family meals 5-6 times a week
Get the right amount of sleep
Parent models good behaviors
Make changes as a family
things not to do for child weight loss:
Don’t put children on a weight reduction diet
Don’t talk about losing weight for long-term health
Don’t get rid of all sweets, treats, sodas, etc.
Do make healthy lifestyle changes for the _ in all three areas
whole family
toddler and preschooler recommendations
3 meals, 2-3 (nutrient-dense) snacks without grazing in between
Offer what the family eats with helpful modifications
Include color, texture, variety
Give multiple chances to try a new food
100% fruit juice fine in small amounts
Watch for choking hazards
avoiding choking recommendations
Avoid round or hard foods
Grapes, raw celery, carrots or apples, buts, hard gummy candies, popcorn, tough meat, peanut butter sponful, pieces of hot dog
Should be sitting down to eat
feeding toddlers and preschoolers recs:
Make mealtimes a positive experience
Avoid nagging, forcing, or bribing it
Ecourage them to taste it!
Offer a variety of foods and let kids choose from what is offered
Don’t be a short-order cook
Be an authoriattive parent
how to know if a child is eating enough
Growth pattern in height and weight
Activity levels
*child plate should look similar to the _ plate
adult
is there a kids my plate?
YES
food allergies
Adverse reaction to a food involving an immune response
Can affect airway, digestive tract, eyes, mouth and throat, skin, and whole body
Updated research recommends introducing these early (4-6 months)
top 8 food allergies
Peanuts
Milk
Shellfish
Tree nuts
Egg
Fish
Wheat
soy
