CH 13 Liquids Flashcards

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1
Q

Pressure

A

The force per unit area that one object exerts on another

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2
Q

Pressure equation

A

Pressure = Force / area

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3
Q

Pressure depends on the area

A

The area over which force is distributed

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4
Q

When you stand on one foot instead of two, the force you exert on the floor is ?

A

The same.

The between force and pressure! The weight is the same, it is the force

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5
Q

When you stand on one foot instead of two, the pressure you exert on the floor is

A

More.Twice as much, in fact! Pressure is no the same as force.

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6
Q

The deeper you swim

A

The greater the pressure.

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7
Q

Pressure is ________ dependent not _________ dependent

A

Depth dependent and not volume dependent.

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8
Q

Pressures act _______ in all directions

A

Equally

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9
Q

Whatever the shape of a container pressure is

A

At any particular depth is the same.

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10
Q

Liquid pressure =

A

weight density ´ depth

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11
Q

Water pressure provided by a water tower is greater if the tower

A

Water pressure provided by a water tower is greater if the tower is TALLER.

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12
Q

Water pressure acts ________ to surfaces of a container and on objects inside the liquid.

A

Acts perpendicular to surfaces

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13
Q

Buoyancy in a Liquid =

A

= support force

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14
Q

Buoyancy

A

The apparent loss of weight of a submerged object.

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15
Q

Lifting a heavy object under water is easier than lifting it on the surface because

A

Because the water exerts an additional SUPPORT force. This extra UPWARD, support force is called the BUOYANT force.

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16
Q

With buoyancy the ________ _________ on the side cancel each other out.

A

Force vectors

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17
Q

How many forces actually form the net force on a submerged body in a fluid?

A

B.Two—buoyancy and the force due to gravity

18
Q

The volume of the water displaced is _______ to the ________ of the stone [object in the water].

A

EQUAL to the volume

19
Q

Displacement rule

A

A completely submerged object always displaces a volume of liquid equal to its own volume.

20
Q

Archimedes’ Principle

A

An immersed object is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.

21
Q

The reason a person finds it easier to float in saltwater compared with freshwater is that in saltwater

A

Neither. A floating person has the same buoyant force whatever the density of water. A person floats higher because a smaller volume of the denser saltwater is displaced.

22
Q

Whether an object floats or sinks depends upon the

A
  • volume of the object.
  • volume of the fluid displaced.
23
Q

For an object to float:

A

The buoyant force (weight of the liquid it displaces) must be equal or more than weight of the object itself.

24
Q

Principle of flotation

A

A floating object displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight.

25
Q

Float or sink rule #1

A
  1. An object more dense than the fluid in which it is immersed will sink.
26
Q

Float or sink rule #2

A
  1. An object less dense than the fluid in which it is immersed will float.
27
Q

Float or sink rule #3

A
  1. An object having a density equal to the density of the fluid in which it is immersed will neither sink nor float. = for all fluids
28
Q

A crocodile increases its ________ in order to sink as it approaches prey.

A

Density

29
Q

Test ?’s

Water pressure at the bottom of a lake depends on the

A

C. depth of the lake.

30
Q

Test ?’s

When a submarine takes water into its ballast tanks, its density _______.

A

increases

31
Q

Test ?’s

**The buoyant force that acts on a 20,000-N ship is **

A

a.20,000 N.

32
Q

Two solid blocks of identical size are submerged in water. One block is lead and the other is aluminum. Upon which is the buoyant force greater?

A

B.Same on both blocks

33
Q

When you float in saltwater and not in freshwater, the volume of water displaced is

A

a.less and the buoyant force is unchanged.

The volume of water displaced is less, its weight equals your weight. Ma

34
Q

The buoyant force that normally acts on a fish under water is

A

C.equal to its weight.

however deep a fish swims, it displaces a weight of water is the same as

35
Q

Pascal’s Principle - 17th century

A

A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid at rest is transmitted undiminished to
all points in the fluid.

36
Q

T/F Pascal’s Principle applies to all fluids, which include gases and liquids.

A

True.

a balloon squeezes one end it gets tighter as the air is moved to the ot

37
Q

The contractive tendency of the surface of liquids is due to ______ ________

A

surface tension

38
Q

Drops of any kind are spherical because

A

their surfaces tend to contract and force each drop into the shape having the least surface area for a given volume – a sphere.

39
Q

1

Factors affecting surface tension:

#1

A
  1. The type of liquid

– Water has greater surface tension than oil.

40
Q

Factors affecting surface tension:

#2

A
  1. What is mixed with the liquid

– Soapy water has lower surface tension than water without soap.

41
Q

Factors affecting surface tension:

#3

A
  1. Temperature of the liquid

– The molecules in a hot liquid have higher energy and are not bou

42
Q

Factors affecting surface tension:

#3

A
  1. Temperature of the liquid

– The molecules in a hot liquid have higher energy and are not bou