CH 11 - The auto mic nature of matter

Question 1

The term ‘atomos’ was coined by?

Answer 1

Democritus. It meant ‘uncuttable’ or ‘the smallest indivisible particle of matter’.

Question 2

5 Characteristics of Atoms was who’s theory?

Answer 2

John dalton (1800s)

Question 3

Which one of Dalton’s atomic points is not true today?

Answer 3

3. Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed.

Question 4

What is Avagrado’s number?

Answer 4

Avogadros number: The numer in atomes in a mole(6.02x10^23)

Question 5

What are Moles?

Answer 5

Moles: helps to count molecules. Know as the molar quantity.

Question 6

In the nucleus positive or neutral nucleons all have the same?

Answer 6

Mass.

Question 7

What does an atom’s nucleus contain?

Answer 7

the atom’s mass.

Question 8

What is smaller than atoms?

Answer 8

Electrons

Question 9

Positive nucleons are called?

Answer 9

protons

Question 10

Neutral nucleons are called?

Answer 10

neutrons

Question 11

Electrons determine the atom’s

Answer 11

the atom’s size.

Question 12

How many points are there in Dalton’s atomic theory

Answer 12

5

Question 13

Point one of Dalton’s atomic theory:

Answer 13

1. Elements are made of atoms.

Question 14

Point two of Dalton’s atomic theory:

Answer 14

2. Atoms of an element are identical in size, mass, and other properties; atoms of different elements differ in size, mass, and other properties.

Question 15

Point three of Dalton’s atomic theory:

Answer 15

3. Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed.

Question 16

Point four of Dalton’s atomic theory:

Answer 16

4. Atoms of different elements combine to form chemical compounds.

Question 17

Point five of Dalton’s atomic theory:

Answer 17

5. In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged.

Question 18

Electrons are

Answer 18

Fast and negatively charged

Question 19

All the atoms that are here?

Answer 19

All the atom that are here are here. They don’t cease to exist.

Question 20

When someone dies what happens to those atoms?

Answer 20

When someone dies those atoms exist and they make get turned into soil or plants - then the plant is consumed - you have those atoms in your body after eating the plant.

Question 21

Characteristics of Atoms
#1

Answer 21

1. Atoms are incredibly tiny – Angstrom (10-10 m) scale.

Question 22

Characteristics of Atoms
#2

Answer 22

2. Atoms are numerous – Avogadro’s number.

Question 23

Characteristics of Atoms
#3

Answer 23

3. Atoms are perpetually in motion – Brownian motion.

Question 24

Characteristics of Atoms
#4

Answer 24

4. Atoms are ageless.

Question 25

Atoms can be represented as having different

Answer 25

Layers or ‘shells’ where electrons reside.

Question 26

Elements are pure substances composed of?

Answer 26

Pure substances composed of one kind of atom.

Question 27

Common forms of Carbon

Answer 27

Coal, Diamonds,

Question 28

What are Bucky balls?

Answer 28

Bucky balls are 60 carbon atoms in a very specific, geometric, spherical form.

Question 29

Can Bucky balls be taken apart?

Answer 29

Yes. They can also be taken apart, flattened and turned into different types of carbon nanotubes!

Question 30

Elements are normally seen in pairs of?

Answer 30

Elements are normally seen in pairs of two

Question 31

Atoms may be viewed using a?

Answer 31

may be viewed today using electron microscopy.

Question 32

Elements are classified by the number of?

Answer 32

protons in their nucleus – their atomic number.

Question 33

The mass number is the total number of?

Answer 33

nucleons (protons and neutrons) in an atom’s nucleus.

Question 34

The total mass of a single atom is called?

Answer 34

Its atomic mass. They are measured in atomic mass units or amu.

Question 35

Elements arranged by

Answer 35

Atomic number.

Question 36

Inert

Answer 36

= Lazy

Question 37

Compared to the wavelength of visible light, atoms are?

Answer 37

Smaller

Question 38

What is used to actually see atoms?

Answer 38

An electron beam.

Question 39

Brownian motion has to do with the?

Answer 39

Random motions of atoms and molecules.

Question 40

Can atoms be manufactured in plants or humans during reproduction ?

Answer 40

No.

Question 41

What sub-atomic particle determines the atom’s size?

Answer 41

The electron

Question 42

How many elements are found in nature?

Answer 42

There are roughly 100 elements in nature

Question 43

How many elements are man made.

Answer 43

Any element above 92 was man made in a lab.

Question 44

Diameters of the outer electron shells are determined

Answer 44

The electrical charge in the nucleus.

Question 45

What shrinks as the nuclear charge increases?

Answer 45

As nuclear charge increases and electrons are added to outer orbits, the inner orbit shrinks.

Question 46

Ion

Answer 46

A charged atom

Question 47

cation

Answer 47

A positive ion has deficiency of electrons

Question 48

anion

Answer 48

A negative ion has an excess of electrons

Question 49

The number of protons in nucleus matches the number of what around the nucleus?

Answer 49

Electrons

Question 50

Isotopes are

Answer 50

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.

Question 51

Isotopes are identified by the?

Answer 51

*Identified by their mass number (total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus or number of nucleons).

Question 52

Molecules

Answer 52

Two or more atoms bonded together.

Question 53

Compound

Answer 53

When atoms of different elements bond to one another, they make a compound.

Question 54

How are compounds separated ?

Answer 54

It can only be separated into its constituent elements by chemical means. - and it can be difficult to do so.

Question 55

Mixture

Answer 55

Two or more substances that are mixed together without chemically bonding is called a mixture.

Question 56

Mixtures can consist of ?

Answer 56

Mixtures may consist of one or more phases of matter [solid, liquid, gas].