Ch. 12 Personality Flashcards
Define Personality
a pattern of enduring, distinctive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize the way an individual adapts to the world.
Psychodynamic approach to personality
Assumptions- personality is primarily unconscious
childhood experiences shape our personality
Structures of personality
Id- pleasure principle
superego-conscience
ego- reality principle
Defense mechanisms
Repression: forget the unacceptable
-foundation for all defense mechanisms
rationalization: claim different motive
displacement: shift feeling to new object
sublimation: transforms vile to valuable
projection: attribute own faults to others
reaction formation: convert to opposite emotion
denial: disbelieve present reality
regression: revert to earlier, “safer period
Psychosexual stages
oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage, and genital stage
Oral stage
0-18 months
infant’s pleasure centers on the mouth
anal stage
18-36 months
learns to control bowel movements
Phallic stage
3-6 years
child’s pleasure focuses on the genitals
oepidal complex
castration anxiety
-little hans
Latency Stage
6 years -puberty
physic “time-out”
interest in sexuality is repressed
Genital stage
Adolecense to adulthood
sexual reawakening
source of sexual pleasure is someone else
Humanistic approach
Assumptions: People have free will, are rational, and will strive reach their full potential
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Lower-level needs must be met before higher level needs can be achieved
Carl Rogers
personal growth and self-determination
unconditional positive regard
conditions of worth
self-concept
empathy
genuineness
Trait approach
Assumption: personality consists of broad, enduring dispositions that lead to characteristic responses
Five factor model of personality (ocean)
Openness (open)
conscientiousness (consious)
extraversion (extra)
agreeableness (agree)
neuroticism (neuro)
